Published May 2023 | 280 pages, 38 tables, 41 figures | Download table of contents
The most widely used commercial coatings are based on petroleum derivatives (resins, solvents). Due to consumer and environmental concerns, coupled with regulation, manufacturers and formulators are developing alternatives to synthetic products, identifying safer materials with a low environmental impact for protective coatings.
Over the past decade, the coatings industry has increasingly introduced eco-friendly technologies, such as processes involving UV-cure, treatments with less or no solvents, waterborne products, hyperbranched, high solid coatings to achieve high-performance coatings. This is now being supplemented by the production of coatings centred on bio-based materials in order to obtain a treatment that is sustainable from both the point of view of the production process and the raw materials used. Many producers have introduced bio-based alternatives in product formulations, replacing fossil-based compounds that possess similar properties, and also potentially have wider applications.
Growing pressure to comply with stringent health and safety legislation and demonstrate a reduced environmental impact is also compelling manufacturers to progressively introduce bio-derived alternatives to traditional chemicals. All ten of the top ten coatings companies by global sales now offer eco-friendly products with low-VOC emissions, and the reduction or replacement of traditional solvents, resins and pigments is now a high priority.
Report contents include:
- Market drivers and trends in bio-based coatings .
- Analysis of types of fully or partly bio-based paints and coatings. Types covered include biobased versions of Alkyd resins, Polyurethanes, Epoxy resins, Acrylic resins and Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) coatings, Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) coatings, Cellulose-based coatings, Lignin coatings, Rosins, Bio-based carbon black, edible coatings, algal coatings, protein coatings and nanocoatings.
- Government policy & regulations.
- Global revenues, by type and market, historical and forecast to 2033.
- Competitive landscape for biobased coatings.
- 144 company profiles. Companies profiled include Danimer Scientific, Ecoat, Grafren, LipCoat BV, Melodea, Nfinite Nanotechnology, NXTLEVVEL Biochem, Orineo, Relement, Slibio Coating, Stora Enso, Sufresca and Toyo Ink.
1 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 16
2 INTRODUCTION 17
- 2.1 Aims and objectives of the study 17
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 18
- 3.1 The global paints and coatings market 18
- 3.2 Bio-based paints and coatings 19
- 3.2.1 Drop-in replacements 19
- 3.2.2 Bio-based resins 20
- 3.2.3 Reducing carbon footprint in industrial and protective coatings 21
- 3.3 Market drivers 23
- 3.4 Challenges using bio-based coatings 24
4 TYPES OF BIO-BASED COATINGS AND MATERIALS 25
- 4.1 Eco-friendly coatings technologies 25
- 4.1.1 UV-cure 25
- 4.1.2 Waterborne coatings 27
- 4.1.3 Treatments with less or no solvents 28
- 4.1.4 Hyperbranched polymers for coatings 29
- 4.1.5 High solid (HS) coatings 30
- 4.1.6 Use of bio-based materials in coatings 31
- 4.1.6.1 Geopolymers 31
- 4.1.6.2 Coatings based on agricultural waste 32
- 4.1.6.3 Vegetable oils and fatty acids 34
- 4.1.6.4 Proteins 35
- 4.1.6.5 Cellulose 36
- 4.1.6.6 Plant-Based wax coatings 37
- 4.2 Alkyd coatings 37
- 4.2.1 Alkyd resin properties 37
- 4.2.2 Bio-based alkyd coatings 38
- 4.2.3 Products 40
- 4.3 Polyurethane coatings 41
- 4.3.1 Properties 41
- 4.3.2 Bio-based polyurethane coatings 42
- 4.3.2.1 Bio-based polyols 42
- 4.3.2.2 Non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) 43
- 4.3.3 Products 44
- 4.4 Epoxy coatings 45
- 4.4.1 Properties 45
- 4.4.2 Bio-based epoxy coatings 46
- 4.4.3 Products 48
- 4.5 Acrylate resins 49
- 4.5.1 Properties 49
- 4.5.2 Bio-based acrylates 50
- 4.5.3 Products 50
- 4.6 Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA) 51
- 4.6.1 Properties 54
- 4.6.2 Bio-PLA coatings and films 54
- 4.7 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 55
- 4.7.1 Properties 57
- 4.7.2 PHA coatings 60
- 4.7.3 Commercially available PHAs 60
- 4.8 Cellulose 63
- 4.8.1 Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) 69
- 4.8.1.1 Properties 70
- 4.8.1.2 Applications in coatings 70
- 4.8.2 Cellulose nanofibers 71
- 4.8.2.1 Properties 72
- 4.8.2.2 Applications in coatings 73
- 4.8.2.3 Product developers 74
- 4.8.3 Cellulose nanocrystals 77
- 4.8.3.1 Applications in coatings 79
- 4.8.3.2 Product developers 80
- 4.8.4 Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC) 81
- 4.8.4.1 Applications in coatings 82
- 4.8.4.2 Product developers 83
- 4.8.1 Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) 69
- 4.9 Rosins 85
- 4.10 Bio-based carbon black 86
- 4.10.1 Lignin-based 86
- 4.10.2 Algae-based 86
- 4.11 Lignin 87
- 4.11.1 Lignin structure 88
- 4.11.2 Types of lignin 89
- 4.11.2.1 Sulfur containing lignin 92
- 4.11.2.2 Sulfur-free lignin from biorefinery process 93
- 4.11.3 Properties 93
- 4.11.4 The lignocellulose biorefinery 95
- 4.11.5 Applications 96
- 4.11.6 Challenges for using lignin 101
- 4.11.7 Lignosulphonates 101
- 4.11.8 Kraft Lignin 101
- 4.11.9 Soda lignin 102
- 4.11.10 Biorefinery lignin 102
- 4.11.11 Organosolv lignins 104
- 4.11.12 Application in coatings 105
- 4.12 Edible coatings 106
- 4.13 Nanocoatings 108
- 4.14 Protein-based biomaterials for coatings 110
- 4.14.1 Plant derived proteins 110
- 4.14.2 Animal origin proteins 110
- 4.15 Algal coatings 112
5 GLOBAL REVENUES FOR BIO-BASED COATINGS 115
- 5.1 Global market revenues to 2033, total 115
- 5.2 Global market revenues to 2033, by market 117
6 COMPANY PROFILES 122 (144 company profiles)
7 REFERENCES 271
List of tables
- Table 1. Market drivers and trends in bio-based and sustainable coatings. 23
- Table 2. Types of alkyd resins and properties. 38
- Table 3. Market summary for bio-based alkyd coatings-raw materials, advantages, disadvantages, applications and producers. 39
- Table 4. Bio-based alkyd coating products. 40
- Table 5. Types of polyols. 41
- Table 6. Polyol producers. 42
- Table 7. Bio-based polyurethane coating products. 44
- Table 8. Market summary for bio-based epoxy resins. 46
- Table 9. Bio-based polyurethane coating products. 48
- Table 10. Bio-based acrylate resin products. 50
- Table 11. Polylactic acid (PLA) market analysis. 51
- Table 12. PLA producers and production capacities. 53
- Table 13. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) market analysis. 56
- Table 14.Types of PHAs and properties. 59
- Table 15. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) producers. 60
- Table 16. Commercially available PHAs. 62
- Table 17. Properties of micro/nanocellulose, by type. 65
- Table 18: Types of nanocellulose. 68
- Table 19: MFC production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tonnes. 70
- Table 20. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in paints and coatings. 72
- Table 21. Companies developing cellulose nanofibers products in paints and coatings. 74
- Table 22. CNC properties. 77
- Table 23: Cellulose nanocrystal capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tonnes. 79
- Table 24. Technical lignin types and applications. 90
- Table 25. Classification of technical lignins. 92
- Table 26. Lignin content of selected biomass. 93
- Table 27. Properties of lignins and their applications. 94
- Table 28. Example markets and applications for lignin. 97
- Table 29. Application of lignin in binders, emulsifiers and dispersants. 98
- Table 30. Biorefinery feedstocks. 102
- Table 31. Comparison of pulping and biorefinery lignins. 103
- Table 32. Edible coatings market summary. 106
- Table 33. Types of protein based-biomaterials, applications and companies. 111
- Table 34. Overview of algal coatings-description, properties, application and market size. 113
- Table 35. Global market revenues for bio-based coatings, 2018-2033 (billions USD). 115
- Table 36. Market revenues for bio-based coatings, 2018-2033 (billions USD), conservative estimate. 117
- Table 37. Market revenues for bio-based coatings, 2018-2033 (billions USD), high estimate. 120
- Table 38. Oji Holdings CNF products. 226
List of figures
- Figure 1. Paints and coatings industry by market segmentation 2019-2020. 18
- Figure 2. PHA family. 59
- Figure 3: Schematic diagram of partial molecular structure of cellulose chain with numbering for carbon atoms and n= number of cellobiose repeating unit. 64
- Figure 4: Scale of cellulose materials. 65
- Figure 5. Nanocellulose preparation methods and resulting materials. 65
- Figure 6: Relationship between different kinds of nanocelluloses. 68
- Figure 7. Hefcel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test. 76
- Figure 8: CNC slurry. 78
- Figure 9. High purity lignin. 88
- Figure 10. Lignocellulose architecture. 89
- Figure 11. Extraction processes to separate lignin from lignocellulosic biomass and corresponding technical lignins. 90
- Figure 12. The lignocellulose biorefinery. 96
- Figure 13. Schematic of a biorefinery for production of carriers and chemicals. 104
- Figure 14. BLOOM masterbatch from Algix. 114
- Figure 15. Global market revenues for bio-based coatings, 2018-2033 (billions USD). 116
- Figure 16. Market revenues for bio-based coatings, 2018-2033 (billions USD), conservative estimate. 119
- Figure 17. Market revenues for bio-based paints and coatings, 2018-2033 (billions USD), high 121
- Figure 18. Dulux Better Living Air Clean Bio-based. 124
- Figure 19: NCCTM Process. 150
- Figure 20: CNC produced at Tech Futures’ pilot plant; cloudy suspension (1 wt.%), gel-like (10 wt.%), flake-like crystals, and very fine powder. Product advantages include: 150
- Figure 21. Cellugy materials. 152
- Figure 22. EcoLine® 3690 (left) vs Solvent-Based Competitor Coating (right). 157
- Figure 23. Rheocrysta spray. 164
- Figure 24. DKS CNF products. 165
- Figure 25. Domsjö process. 167
- Figure 26. CNF gel. 187
- Figure 27. Block nanocellulose material. 188
- Figure 28. CNF products developed by Hokuetsu. 188
- Figure 29. BioFlex process. 203
- Figure 30. Marusumi Paper cellulose nanofiber products. 207
- Figure 31: Fluorene cellulose ® powder. 230
- Figure 32. XCNF. 238
- Figure 33. Spider silk production. 249
- Figure 34. CNF dispersion and powder from Starlite. 252
- Figure 35. 2 wt.% CNF suspension. 256
- Figure 36. BiNFi-s Dry Powder. 257
- Figure 37. BiNFi-s Dry Powder and Propylene (PP) Complex Pellet. 257
- Figure 38. Silk nanofiber (right) and cocoon of raw material. 258
- Figure 39. HefCel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test. 265
- Figure 40. Bio-based barrier bags prepared from Tempo-CNF coated bio-HDPE film. 266
- Figure 41. Bioalkyd products. 271
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