The Global Market for Biobased and Sustainable Plastics

Published November 2021 | 365 pages, 62 tables, 78 figures | Table of contents

The bio-based and sustainable plastics sector aims to create green products from biological based inputs, residue and wastes. This will play an important role in global efforts to achieve a green circular economy. Compared to the conventional plastics sector the industry is small, but undergoing rapid developments due to new technological innovations and increased consumer and industry demand. A market boom is expected over the next few years, with production capacities to increase by >30% by 2025, with capacities in areas such as Bio-PLA growing from 100,000s tons per annum to multi-million tons.

Report contents include:

Analysis of non-biodegradable bio-based plastics and biodegradable plastics.
Global production capacities for bio-based and sustainable plastics, market demand and trends 2019-2030.
Analysis of bio-based polymers market including Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA), Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET), Polytrimethylene terephthalate (Bio-PTT), Polyethylene furanoate (Bio-PEF), Polyamides (Bio-PA), Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (Bio-PBAT), Polybutylene succinate (PBS) and copolymers, Polyethylene (Bio-PE), Polypropylene (Bio-PP)
Analysis of biodegradable polymers including Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), Polysaccharides, Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC), Cellulose nanocrystals, Cellulose nanofibers, Protein-based bio-plastics, Algal and fungal.
Market segmentation analysis for bio-based and sustainable plastics including packaging, consumer products, automotive, building & construction, textiles, electronics and agriculture markets.
More than 300 companies profiled . Companies profiled include major producers such as NatureWorks, Total Corbion, Danimer Scientific, Novamont, Mitsubishi Chemicals, Indorama, Braskem, Avantium, Borealis, Cathay, Dupont, BASF, Arkema, DuPont, BASF and many more. Profiles include bio-based and sustainable plastics products and production capacities.
Profiles of start-up producers and product developers including AMSilk GmbH, Notpla, CARAPAC Company, Loliware, Bolt Threads, Ecovative, CH-Bioforce Oy, Xampla, Spero Renewables, Checkerspot, Kraig Biocraft Laboratories, Spiber and many more.

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 20

1.1 Market trends 21
1.2 Global production to 2030 22
1.3 Main producers and global production capacities 24
- 1.3.1 Producers 24
- 1.3.2 By biobased and sustainable plastic type 25
- 1.3.3 By region 29
1.4 Global demand for biobased and sustainable plastics 2020, by market 31
1.5 Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the bioplastics market and future demand 34
1.6 Challenges for the biobased and sustainable plastics market 34

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 36

3 THE GLOBAL PLASTICS MARKET 37

3.1 Global production 37
3.2 The importance of plastic 37
3.3 Issues with plastics use 38

4 BIO-BASED CHEMICALS 39

4.1 Types 39
4.2 Production capacities 40
4.3 Bio-based adipic acid 41
4.4 11-Aminoundecanoic acid (11-AA) 41
4.5 1,4-Butanediol (1,4-BDO) 41
4.6 Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA) 42
4.7 Epichlorohydrin (ECH) 43
4.8 Ethylene 44
4.9 Furfural 45
4.10 5-Chloromethylfurfural (5-CMF) 46
4.11 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (2,5-FDCA) 46
4.12 Furandicarboxylic methyl ester (FDME) 46
4.13 Isosorbide 47
4.14 Itaconic acid 47
4.15 3-Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) 47
4.16 5 Hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) 48
4.17 Lactic acid (D-LA) 48
4.18 Lactic acid – L-lactic acid (L-LA) 48
4.19 Lactide 49
4.20 Levoglucosenone 50
4.21 Levulinic acid 50
4.22 Monoethylene glycol (MEG) 51
4.23 Monopropylene glycol (MPG) 52
4.24 Muconic acid 53
4.25 Naphtha 54
4.26 Pentamethylene diisocyanate 54
4.27 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) 55
4.28 Sebacic acid 56
4.29 Succinic acid (SA) 56

5 BIOPOLYMERS AND BIOPLASTICS 58

5.1 Bio-based or renewable plastics 58
- 5.1.1 Drop-in bio-based plastics 58
- 5.1.2 Novel bio-based plastics 59
5.2 Biodegradable and compostable plastics 60
- 5.2.1 Biodegradability 60
- 5.2.2 Compostability 61
5.3 Advantages and disadvantages 61
5.4 Types of Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastics 62
5.5 Market leaders by biobased and/or biodegradable plastic types 64
5.6 SYNTHETIC BIO-BASED POLYMERS 65
- 5.6.1 Polylactic acid (Bio-PLA) 65
  - 5.6.1.1 Market analysis 65
  - 5.6.1.2 Producers 67
- 5.6.2 Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET) 69
  - 5.6.2.1 Market analysis 69
  - 5.6.2.2 Producers 70
- 5.6.3 Polytrimethylene terephthalate (Bio-PTT) 70
  - 5.6.3.1 Market analysis 70
  - 5.6.3.2 Producers 71
- 5.6.4 Polyethylene furanoate (Bio-PEF) 71
  - 5.6.4.1 Market analysis 72
  - 5.6.4.2 Comparative properties to PET 73
  - 5.6.4.3 Producers 73
- 5.6.5 Polyamides (Bio-PA) 74
  - 5.6.5.1 Market analysis 74
  - 5.6.5.2 Producers 75
- 5.6.6 Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (Bio-PBAT) 76
  - 5.6.6.1 Market analysis 76
  - 5.6.6.2 Producers 77
- 5.6.7 Polybutylene succinate (PBS) and copolymers 77
  - 5.6.7.1 Market analysis 78
  - 5.6.7.2 Producers 78
- 5.6.8 Polyethylene (Bio-PE) 79
  - 5.6.8.1 Market analysis 79
  - 5.6.8.2 Producers 80
- 5.6.9 Polypropylene (Bio-PP) 80
  - 5.6.9.1 Market analysis 80
  - 5.6.9.2 Producers 80
5.7 NATURAL BIO-BASED POLYMERS 82
- 5.7.1 Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) 82
  - 5.7.1.1 Types 84
  - 5.7.1.2 Synthesis and production processes 88
  - 5.7.1.3 Market analysis 91
  - 5.7.1.4 Commercially available PHAs 92
  - 5.7.1.5 Markets for PHAs 93
  - 5.7.1.6 Producers 98
- 5.7.2 Polysaccharides 99
  - 5.7.2.1 Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) 99
  - 5.7.2.2 Cellulose nanocrystals 101
  - 5.7.2.3 Cellulose nanofibers 102
- 5.7.3 Protein-based bioplastics 106
  - 5.7.3.1 Types, applications and producers 106
- 5.7.4 Algal and fungal 108
  - 5.7.4.1 Algal 108
  - 5.7.4.2 Mycelium 111
- 5.7.5 Chitosan 114
5.8 PRODUCTION OF BIOBASED AND SUSTAINABLE PLASTICS, BY REGION 114
- 5.8.1 North America 116
- 5.8.2 Europe 116
- 5.8.3 Asia-Pacific 117
  - 5.8.3.1 China 117
  - 5.8.3.2 Japan 117
  - 5.8.3.3 Thailand 117
  - 5.8.3.4 Indonesia 117
- 5.8.4 Latin America 118
5.9 MARKET SEGMENTATION OF BIOPLASTICS 119
- 5.9.1 Packaging 121
- 5.9.2 Consumer products 122
- 5.9.3 Automotive 123
- 5.9.4 Building & construction 124
- 5.9.5 Textiles 125
- 5.9.6 Electronics 126
- 5.9.7 Agriculture and horticulture 127

6 COMPANY PROFILES 129

6.1 9Fiber, Inc. 129
6.2 ADBioplastics 130
6.3 Advanced Biochemical (Thailand) Co., Ltd. 130
6.4 AGRANA Staerke GmbH 131
6.5 Algix LLC 132
6.6 AlgiKnit 133
6.7 AMSilk GmbH 134
6.8 An Phát Bioplastics 134
6.9 Ankor Bioplastics Co., Ltd. 135
6.10 Anellotech, Inc. 136
6.11 Anqing He Xing Chemical Co., Ltd. 137
6.12 Applied Bioplastics 137
6.13 Aquafil S.p.A. 138
6.14 Aquapak Polymers Ltd 138
6.15 Archer Daniel Midland Company (ADM) 139
6.16 Arctic Biomaterials Oy 140
6.17 Arkema S.A 141
6.18 Arlanxeo 142
6.19 Arrow Greentech 142
6.20 Arzeda Corp. 143
6.21 Attis Innovations, llc 144
6.22 AVA Biochem AG 144
6.23 Avantium B.V. 145
6.24 Avani Eco 146
6.25 Ayas Renewables Inc. 147
6.26 Azolla 148
6.27 BASF SE 148
6.28 BBCA Biochemical & GALACTIC Lactic Acid Co., Ltd. 150
6.29 Bcomp ltd. 150
6.30 Bioextrax AB 151
6.31 Bio Fab NZ 152
6.32 BIO-FED 153
6.33 Biofibre GmbH 153
6.34 Biofine Technology, LLC 154
6.35 BioLogiQ, Inc. 154
6.36 Bioextrax AB 156
6.37 Biomass Resin Holdings Co., Ltd. 156
6.38 Biome Bioplastics 157
6.39 BIOTEC GmbH & Co. KG 158
6.40 Biofiber Tech Sweden AB 159
6.41 Bioplastech Ltd 159
6.42 Biotrem 160
6.43 BlockTexx Pty Ltd. 160
6.44 BluCon Biotech GmbH 161
6.45 Blue BioFuels, Inc. 162
6.46 Bluepha Beijing Lanjing Microbiology Technology Co., Ltd. 162
6.47 Bolt Threads 163
6.48 Borealis AG 164
6.49 Borregaard Chemcell 165
6.50 Bosk Bioproducts Inc. 166
6.51 B-PREG 166
6.52 Braskem SA 167
6.53 Bio Fab NZ 168
6.54 Carbiolice 169
6.55 Carbios 169
6.56 Cardia Bioplastics Ltd. 170
6.57 CARAPAC Company 170
6.58 Cargill 171
6.59 Catalyxx 172
6.60 Cathay Industrial Biotech, Ltd. 172
6.61 Celanese Corporation 173
6.62 Cellucomp Ltd. 173
6.63 Cellugy 175
6.64 Cellutech AB (Stora Enso) 175
6.65 CH-Bioforce Oy 176
6.66 Checkerspot, Inc. 177
6.67 Chempolis Oy 178
6.68 Chongqing Bofei Biochemical Products Co., Ltd. 179
6.69 Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd. 179
6.70 Circa Group 182
6.71 CJ CheilJedang Corporation 183
6.72 Corumat, Inc. 183
6.73 Clariant AG 184
6.74 Cristal Union Group 185
6.75 Cruz Foam 185
6.76 CuanTec Ltd. 186
6.77 Daicel Polymer Ltd. 187
6.78 Daio Paper Corporation 188
6.79 DAK Americas LLC 191
6.80 Danimer Scientific LLC 192
6.81 Diamond Green Diesel LLC 193
6.82 DIC Corporation 193
6.83 Dongying Hebang Chemical Corp. 194
6.84 Dow, Inc. 194
6.85 Royal DSM N.V 195
6.86 DuFor Resins B.V. 196
6.87 DuPont 196
6.88 DuPont Tate & Lyle Bio Products Co., LLC 198
6.89 Eastman Chemical Ltd. Corporation 199
6.90 Ecoshell 199
6.91 Ecovia Renewables 200
6.92 Ecovative Design LLC 200
6.93 EggPlant Srl 202
6.94 EMS-Grivory 202
6.95 Eni S.p.A. 203
6.96 Eranova 203
6.97 Esbottle Oy 205
6.98 Evolved By Nature 205
6.99 Evonik Industries AG 206
6.100 Fairbrics 207
6.101 Far Eastern New Century Corporation 207
6.102 Fiberlean Technologies 208
6.103 Fiberight 209
6.104 FKuR Kunststoff GmbH 210
6.105 Floreon 211
6.106 Foamplant BV 212
6.107 Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC 212
6.108 Fraunhofer Institute for Structural Durability and System Reliability LBF 213
6.109 Fuji Pigment Co., Ltd. 214
6.110 Full Cycle Bioplastics LLC 215
6.111 Futerro 216
6.112 Futuramat Sarl 217
6.113 Galatea Biotech Srl 217
6.114 Gen3Bio 218
6.115 Genecis Bioindustries, Inc. 219
6.116 Genomatica 219
6.117 Grabio Greentech Corporation 220
6.118 Granbio Technologies 220
6.119 Grupp MAIP 222
6.120 GS Alliance Co. Ltd 223
6.121 Guangzhou Bio-plus Materials Technology Co., Ltd. 225
6.122 Haldor Topsoe A/S 225
6.123 Hattori Shoten K.K. 226
6.124 Hebei Casda Biomaterials Co., Ltd. 227
6.125 Hebei Jiheng Chemical Co., Ltd. 227
6.126 Hebei Xinhua Lactic Acid Co. 228
6.127 Heilongjiang Chenneng Bioengineering Ltd. 228
6.128 Henan Jindan Lactic Acid Technology Co., Ltd. 229
6.129 Henan Xinghan Biological Technology Co., Ltd. 229
6.130 Hengshui Jinghua Chemical Co., Ltd. 230
6.131 Hengli Petrochemical 231
6.132 Hokuetsu Toyo Fibre Co., Ltd. 231
6.133 Hubei Guangshui National Chemical Co., Ltd. 234
6.134 Humintech GmbH 234
6.135 Hunan Anhua Lactic Acid Co 235
6.136 India Glycols Ltd. 235
6.137 Indochine Bio Plastiques (ICBP) Sdn Bhd 236
6.138 Indorama Ventures Public Co. Ltd. 237
6.139 Inovyn 237
6.140 Inspidere B.V. 238
6.141 Ioniqa 238
6.142 Itaconix 239
6.143 Jiangsu Anpon Electrochemical Co., Ltd 240
6.144 Jiangsu Jinhe Hi-Tech Co., Ltd. 240
6.145 Jiangsu Senda Biological Engineering Co., Ltd. 241
6.146 Jiangsu Torise Biomaterials Co., Ltd 241
6.147 Jiangsu Yangnong Chemical Group Co., Ltd. 242
6.148 Jiangsu Zhongzheng Biochemical Co., Ltd. 242
6.149 Jilin COFCO Biomaterial Corporation 243
6.150 JinHui ZhaoLang High Technology Co., Ltd. 243
6.151 Jungbunzlauer Suisse AG 245
6.152 Kaneka Corporation 245
6.153 Kingfa Sci. & Tech. Co. Ltd. 246
6.154 Kolon Industries, Inc. 247
6.155 Kraig Biocraft Laboratories 247
6.156 LAM’ON 248
6.157 Lactips S.A. 248
6.158 LCY Biosciences 249
6.159 Lean Orb 250
6.160 Lenzing AG 251
6.161 LEUNA-Harze GmbH 251
6.162 LG Chem 252
6.163 Lingrove, Inc. 253
6.164 Lixea Limited 253
6.165 Locus Fermentation Solutions 254
6.166 Loick Biowertstoff GmbH 254
6.167 Loliware LLC 255
6.168 LOTTE Chemical Corporation 255
6.169 LyondellBasell Industries Holdings B.V. 256
6.170 Made of Air GmbH 257
6.171 Mango Materials, Inc. 258
6.172 Marea 258
6.173 Marine Innovation Co., Ltd 259
6.174 MedPHA Bio-Tech Co., Ltd. 260
6.175 Meghmani Finechem Ltd. 260
6.176 Mercurius Biorefining Inc 261
6.177 METabolic EXplorer S.A. (METEX) 261
6.178 Metgen Oy 262
6.179 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation 262
6.180 Mitsubishi Polyester Film GmbH 264
6.181 Mitsui Chemicals, Inc. 264
6.182 Mobius 265
6.183 Mogu S.r.l. 266
6.184 Multibax Public Co., Ltd. 267
6.185 Mura Technology Limited 267
6.186 Musashino Chemical Laboratory, Ltd. 268
6.187 MYCL 269
6.188 MycoWorks 269
6.189 Nabaco, Inc. 271
6.190 Nafigate Corporation a.s. 271
6.191 Nanollose Ltd 272
6.192 Nantong Cellulose Fibers Co., Ltd 273
6.193 Nantong Jiuding Biological Engineering Co., Ltd. 274
6.194 NatPol 274
6.195 Natural Fiber Welding, Inc. 275
6.196 NatureWorks LLC 276
6.197 NefFa 277
6.198 Neste Oyj 277
6.199 Newlight Technologies LLC 278
6.200 New Zealand Natural Fibers (NZNF) 279
6.201 NEXE Innovations Inc. 279
6.202 Ningbo Huanyang Chemical Co., Ltd. 280
6.203 Ningbo Tianan Biologic Material 281
6.204 Nippon Paper Industries 281
6.205 Norske Skog AS 283
6.206 Northern Technologies International 284
6.207 Notpla 284
6.208 Novamont S.p.A. 285
6.209 Novomer 286
6.210 NUREL S.A. 287
6.211 Nxtlevvel 288
6.212 Oakbio, Inc. 289
6.213 Oimo 290
6.214 Oleon N.V. 290
6.215 Oji Paper Company 291
6.216 Origin Materials 295
6.217 Paques Biomaterials 295
6.218 PHABuilder 296
6.219 PHB Industrial S.A. 296
6.220 Photanol B.V. 297
6.221 Plafco Fibertech Oy 297
6.222 Plantic Technologies Ltd. 298
6.223 Plantics B.V. 299
6.224 Polaris Renewables LLC 300
6.225 Polyferm 300
6.226 Pond Biomaterials 301
6.227 PT Intera Lestari Polimer 302
6.228 PTT MCC Biochem Co., Ltd. 302
6.229 Qnature UG 302
6.230 Radical Plastics 303
6.231 Radici Group 304
6.232 Red Avenue New Materials Group Co., Ltd. 304
6.233 RenCom AB 305
6.234 Relement BV 305
6.235 Ripro Corporation 306
6.236 Rodenburg Biopolymers B.V. 307
6.237 Roquette S.A. 307
6.238 RWDC Industries 308
6.239 Samyang Corporation 309
6.240 Saphium Biotechnology GMBH 310
6.241 Saudi Basic Industries Corp. (SABIC) 310
6.242 Sebacic Oman SAOC 311
6.243 Seevix Material Sciences Ltd. 312
6.244 Sebiplast s.r.l. 312
6.245 S-EnPol Co., Ltd. 313
6.246 Seiko PMC Corporation 313
6.247 Shandong Baisheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 315
6.248 Shandong Fuwin New Material Co., Ltd. 316
6.249 Shandong Landian Biological Technology Co., Ltd. 316
6.250 Shandong Minji Chemical Co., Ltd. 317
6.251 Shandong Siqiang Chemical Group Co., Ltd. 317
6.252 Shanghai Tong-Jie-Liang Biomaterials Co., Ltd. 318
6.253 Shanxi Leda Biochemical Co., Ltd. 318
6.254 Shanxi Zhengang Chemical Co., Ltd. 319
6.255 Shenghong Group 319
6.256 Shenzhen Ecomann Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 320
6.257 Shenzhen Esun Industrial Co., Ltd. 321
6.258 Sirmax Group 321
6.259 SK Chemicals Co., Ltd. 322
6.260 Smartfiber AG 323
6.261 Solvay SA 324
6.262 Soma Bioworks/White Lemur Co. 325
6.263 Spectrus Sustainable Solutions Pvt Ltd 326
6.264 Spiber, Inc. 326
6.265 Spidey Tek 327
6.266 Spolchemie 329
6.267 STORA ENSO OYJ 329
6.268 Sulapac Oy 330
6.269 Sulzer Chemtech AG 331
6.270 Sunar Misir 332
6.271 SUPLA Bioplastics 332
6.272 TAIF-NK 333
6.273 Tanin sevnica kemicna industrija 334
6.274 TBM Co., Ltd. 334
6.275 TECNARO GmbH 335
6.276 TechnipFMC 336
6.277 Teijin Ltd 337
6.278 TerraVerdae BioWorks Inc 338
6.279 Teysha Technologies Limited 339
6.280 thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions AG 340
6.281 Tianan Biologic Material Co., Ltd. 340
6.282 Tianjin GreenBio Materials Co., Ltd 341
6.283 Tianxing Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 342
6.284 Tômtex 342
6.285 Tongliao Xinghe Biotechnology Co., Ltd. 343
6.286 Toray Industries, Inc. 343
6.287 Total Corbion PLA 344
6.288 Toyobo Co., Ltd. 345
6.289 Treemera GmbH 346
6.290 TripleW 346
6.291 UBQ Materials 347
6.292 Uluu 347
6.293 Unitika Ltd. 348
6.294 UPM-Kymmene Oyj 348
6.295 VEnvirotech Biotechnology SL 349
6.296 Virent Inc. 350
6.297 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd 351
6.298 Vynova 352
6.299 WeylChem International GmbH 352
6.300 Woodly Ltd. 353
6.301 Wuhan Sanjiang Space Good Biotech Co., Ltd. 353
6.302 Xampla 354
6.303 Xinjiang Lanshan Tunhe 354
6.304 Yield10 Bioscience, Inc. 355
6.305 Zhangjiagang Glory Chemical Industry Co., Ltd 355
6.306 Zhejiang Hangzhou Xinfu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 356
6.307 Zhejiang Hisun Biomaterials Co., Ltd. 357
6.308 Zhejiang Youcheng New Materials Co., Ltd 357

7 REFERENCES 358

Tables

Table 1. Market drivers and trends in biobased and sustainable plastics. 21
Table 2. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2018-2030, in 1,000 tons. 22
Table 3. Global production capacities, by producers. 24
Table 4. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2019-2030, by type, in 1,000 tons. 25
Table 5. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2019-2025, by region, tons. 29
Table 6. Issues related to the use of plastics. 38
Table 7. List of Bio-based chemicals. 39
Table 8. Biobased MEG producers capacities. 51
Table 9. Type of biodegradation. 61
Table 10. Advantages and disadvantages of biobased plastics compared to conventional plastics. 61
Table 11. Types of Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastics, applications. 62
Table 12. Market leader by Bio-based and/or Biodegradable Plastic types. 64
Table 13. Polylactic acid (PLA) market analysis. 65
Table 14. Lactic acid producers and production capacities. 67
Table 15. PLA producers and production capacities. 67
Table 16. Planned PLA capacity expansions in China. 68
Table 17. Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (Bio-PET) market analysis. 69
Table 18. Bio-based Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) producers. 70
Table 19. Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) market analysis. 70
Table 20. Production capacities of Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), by leading producers. 71
Table 21. Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) market analysis. 72
Table 22. PEF vs. PET. 73
Table 23. FDCA and PEF producers. 73
Table 24. Bio-based polyamides (Bio-PA) market analysis. 74
Table 25. Leading Bio-PA producers production capacities. 75
Table 26. Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) market analysis. 76
Table 27. Leading PBAT producers, production capacities and brands. 77
Table 28. Bio-PBS market analysis. 78
Table 29. Leading PBS producers and production capacities. 78
Table 30. Bio-based Polyethylene (Bio-PE) market analysis. 79
Table 31. Leading Bio-PE producers. 80
Table 32. Bio-PP market analysis. 80
Table 33. Leading Bio-PP producers and capacities. 80
Table 34.Types of PHAs and properties. 85
Table 35. Comparison of the physical properties of different PHAs with conventional petroleum-based polymers. 87
Table 36. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) extraction methods. 89
Table 37. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) market analysis. 91
Table 38. Commercially available PHAs. 93
Table 39. Markets and applications for PHAs. 94
Table 40. Applications, advantages and disadvantages of PHAs in packaging. 95
Table 41. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) producers. 98
Table 42. Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) market analysis. 99
Table 43. Leading MFC producers and capacities. 100
Table 44. Cellulose nanocrystals analysis. 101
Table 45: Cellulose nanocrystal production capacities and production process, by producer. 102
Table 46. Cellulose nanofibers market analysis. 102
Table 47. CNF production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tons. 105
Table 48. Types of protein based-bioplastics, applications and companies. 106
Table 49. Types of algal and fungal based-bioplastics, applications and companies. 108
Table 50. Overview of alginate-description, properties, application and market size. 108
Table 51. Companies developing algal-based bioplastics. 110
Table 52. Overview of mycelium fibers-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 111
Table 53. Companies developing mycelium-based bioplastics. 113
Table 54. Overview of chitosan-description, properties, drawbacks and applications. 114
Table 55. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics in 2019-2025, by region, tons. 114
Table 56. Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in North America. 116
Table 57. Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in Europe. 116
Table 58. Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in Asia-Pacific. 117
Table 59. Biobased and sustainable plastics producers in Latin America. 118
Table 60. Granbio Nanocellulose Processes. 221
Table 61. Lactips plastic pellets. 249
Table 62. Oji Holdings CNF products. 293

Figures

Figure 1. Total global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics, all types, 000 tons. 21
Figure 2. Global production capacities of bioplastics 2018-2030, in 1,000 tons by biodegradable/non-biodegradable types. 23
Figure 3. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics in 2019-2030, by type, in 1,000 tons. 27
Figure 4. Global production capacities of bioplastics in 2019-2025, by type. 27
Figure 5. Global production capacities of bioplastics in 2030, by type. 28
Figure 6. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2020. 29
Figure 7. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2025. 30
Figure 8. Current and future applications of biobased and sustainable plastics. 31
Figure 9. Global demand for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market, 2020. 32
Figure 10. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market 2019-2030, tons. 34
Figure 11. Challenges for the biobased and sustainable plastics market. 34
Figure 12. Global plastics production 1950-2018, millions of tons. 37
Figure 13. Bio-based chemicals production capacities, 2018-2025. 41
Figure 14. 1,4-Butanediol (BDO) production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes). 42
Figure 15. Dodecanedioic acid (DDDA) production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes). 43
Figure 16. Epichlorohydrin production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes). 44
Figure 17. Ethylene production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes). 45
Figure 18. L-lactic acid (L-LA) production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes). 49
Figure 19. Lactide production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes). 50
Figure 20. Bio-MEG producers capacities. 52
Figure 21. Bio-MPG production capacities, 2018-2025. 53
Figure 22. Naphtha production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes). 54
Figure 23. 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO) production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes). 55
Figure 24. Sebacic acid production capacities, 2018-2025 (tonnes). 56
Figure 25. Coca-Cola PlantBottle®. 59
Figure 26. Interrelationship between conventional, bio-based and biodegradable plastics. 59
Figure 27. Production capacities of Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) to 2025. 74
Figure 28. PHA family. 85
Figure 29. BLOOM masterbatch from Algix. 109
Figure 30. Typical structure of mycelium-based foam. 112
Figure 31. Commercial mycelium composite construction materials. 113
Figure 32. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2020. 115
Figure 33. Global production capacities of biobased and sustainable plastics 2025. 115
Figure 34. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market 2019, 1,000 tons. 119
Figure 35. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market 2020, 1,000 tons. 120
Figure 36. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics by end user market 2030 121
Figure 37. PHA bioplastics products. 121
Figure 38. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in packaging 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 122
Figure 39. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in consumer products 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 123
Figure 40. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in automotive 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 124
Figure 41. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in building and construction 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 125
Figure 42. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in textiles 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 126
Figure 43. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in electronics 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 127
Figure 44. Biodegradable mulch films. 128
Figure 45. Global production capacities for biobased and sustainable plastics in agriculture 2019-2030, in 1,000 tons. 128
Figure 46. Algiknit yarn. 133
Figure 47. Bio-PA rear bumper stay. 149
Figure 48. formicobio™ technology. 178
Figure 49. nanoforest-S. 180
Figure 50. nanoforest-PDP. 181
Figure 51. nanoforest-MB. 181
Figure 52. CuanSave film. 187
Figure 53. ELLEX products. 189
Figure 54. CNF-reinforced PP compounds. 190
Figure 55. Kirekira! toilet wipes. 190
Figure 56. Mushroom leather. 201
Figure 57. Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) composite with polyethylene (PE). 214
Figure 58. PHA production process. 216
Figure 59. Cutlery samples (spoon, knife, fork) made of nano cellulose and biodegradable plastic composite materials. 224
Figure 60. Non-aqueous CNF dispersion "Senaf" (Photo shows 5% of plasticizer). 226
Figure 61. CNF gel. 232
Figure 62. Block nanocellulose material. 233
Figure 63. CNF products developed by Hokuetsu. 233
Figure 64. Made of Air's HexChar panels. 257
Figure 65. IPA synthesis method. 265
Figure 66. MOGU-Wave panels. 266
Figure 67. Reishi. 270
Figure 68. Nippon Paper Industries’ adult diapers. 283
Figure 69. Compostable water pod. 285
Figure 70. CNF clear sheets. 293
Figure 71. Oji Holdings CNF polycarbonate product. 294
Figure 72. Manufacturing process for STARCEL. 314
Figure 73. Lyocell process. 324
Figure 74. Spider silk production. 328
Figure 75. Sulapac cosmetics containers. 330
Figure 76. Sulzer equipment for PLA polymerization processing. 331
Figure 77. Teijin bioplastic film for door handles. 338
Figure 78. Corbion FDCA production process. 345

The Global Market for Biobased and Sustainable Plastics

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The Global Market for Biobased and Sustainable Plastics

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The Global Market for Biobased and Sustainable Plastics

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The Global Market for Nanomaterials 2010-2030

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Published November 2021 | 365 pages, 62 tables, 78 figures | Table of contents

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 20

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 36

3 THE GLOBAL PLASTICS MARKET 37

4 BIO-BASED CHEMICALS 39

5 BIOPOLYMERS AND BIOPLASTICS 58

6 COMPANY PROFILES 129

7 REFERENCES 358

Tables

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