The Global Market for Nanocellulose

May 2022 | 423 pages, 177 figures, 114 tables | Download Table of contents

The global nanocellulose (NC) market has accelerated over the last few years as producers in Japan and to a lesser extent North America and Europe bring products to market. The development of these remarkable materials has compelled major paper and pulp producers to gravitate their traditional business towards advanced biorefineries, which have met with initial success and resulted in production capacity increases.

Three types of NC are commercially available: cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). In addition to being produced in different ways, these three types also vary in their physico-chemical properties, from size to crystallinity. Most commercially produced NC is CNF, which is produced on a large scale in Japan.

NC materials are abundant, renewable and inexpensive but are extremely strong, durable, and lightweight, non-toxic and are lower cost than other advanced materials and nanomaterials. Used as a materials additive and in composites, nanocellulose will help to drive the global move away from oil-based plastics and products to sustainable, bio-based alternatives.

Nanocellulose (NC) can be derived from a multitude of abundant cellulosic biomass sources such as wood pulp, agricultural crops, organic waste, as well as from bacteria. Properties including high tensile strength, biocompatibility, and high aspect ratio make it attractive to a wide range of markets, from medical to construction to aerospace. As nanocellulose originates from renewable matter, its potential to replace petroleum-derived materials in films, coatings, composites, and packaging are particularly interesting in the wake of current political and societal movements towards reduction of plastic consumption. Most of the NC being developed for commercial purposes is in the form of CNF. Currently, many NC-based applications are at an early stages, with some applications already commercially available, mainly in Japan.

The Global Market for Nanocellulose 2022-2032 is the most comprehensive and up-to date report on nanocellulose currently available. Profiling over 120 companies, the report provides key information for investors and executives to enable them to understand and take advantage of the opportunities provided by nanocellulose. A must-have for anyone interested in the business and investment opportunities in nanocellulose, The Global Market for Nanocellulose 2022-2032 contains:

Tabular data on current nanocellulose products.
Market assessment by nanocellulose type: cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC).
Assessment of nanocellulose by market including applications, key benefits, market megatrends, market drivers for use of nanocellulose, technology drawbacks, competing materials, estimated consumption of nanocellulose to 2032 and main OEMs in each market with potential interest in nanocellulose for product integration.
Graphical depictions of nanocellulose applications by market.
In depth-assessment of nanocellulose producer and distributor pricing in 2022.
Global market for nanocellulose in tons, by sector, historical and forecast to 2032.
In-depth profiles of nanocellulose producers including products, production capacities, manufacturing methods, collaborations, licensing, customers and target markets. Companies profiled include Granbio, Asahi Kasei, Cellucomp, Chuetsu Pulp & Paper, Daio Paper, DKS, Fiberlean, Fuji Pigment Co., Ltd. Innventia AB, KRI, Inc., Melodea, Nippon Paper, Oji and many more.
96 cellulose nanofiber company profiles
19 cellulose nanocrystal company profiles
14 bacterial nanocellulose company profiles
Detailed forecasts for key growth areas, opportunities and demand.

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 27

1.1 The market for nanocellulose 29
1.2 Industry developments 2020-22 31
1.3 Market outlook in 2022 and beyond 31
1.4 Global production of nanocellulose 33
- 1.4.1 Global nanocellulose production capacities 2021, by type 33
- 1.4.2 Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) production capacities 2022, in metric tonnes by producer 34
- 1.4.3 Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) production capacities 2022 35
- 1.4.4 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production capacities 2022 38
1.5 Market challenges for cellulose nanofibers 41
1.6 Nanocellulose commercial products 42
1.7 Nanocellulose market by region 49
- 1.7.1 Japan 50
- 1.7.2 China 52
- 1.7.3 Malaysia 52
- 1.7.4 Western Europe 53
- 1.7.5 North America 53
1.8 Global government funding 54

2 OVERVIEW OF NANOCELLULOSE 56

2.1 Cellulose 56
2.2 Nanocellulose 57
2.3 Properties of nanocellulose 58
2.4 Feedstocks 59
2.5 Advantages of nanocellulose 60
2.6 Synthesis and Production methods 61
- 2.6.1 Acid hydrolysis 65
- 2.6.2 TEMPO oxidation 65
- 2.6.3 Ammonium persulfate (APS) oxidation 66
- 2.6.4 Ball milling 66
- 2.6.5 Cryocrushing 66
- 2.6.6 High-shear grinding 67
- 2.6.7 Green production methods 67
  - 2.6.7.1 Ultrasonication 67
  - 2.6.7.2 High-pressure homogenization 69
- 2.6.8 Recent methods 70
  - 2.6.8.1 Microwave irradiation 71
  - 2.6.8.2 Enzymatic processing 72
  - 2.6.8.3 Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) 73
  - 2.6.8.4 Pulsed electric field 73
  - 2.6.8.5 Electron beam irradiation 74
2.7 Life cycle of nanocellulose 76
2.8 Types of nanocellulose 77
- 2.8.1 Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) 81
- 2.8.2 Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) 82
  - 2.8.2.1 Hydrophilic CNF 83
  - 2.8.2.2 Hydrophobic CNF 83
  - 2.8.2.3 Applications 84
- 2.8.3 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) 85
  - 2.8.3.1 Synthesis 85
  - 2.8.3.2 Properties 87
  - 2.8.3.3 Production 89
  - 2.8.3.4 Applications 90
- 2.8.4 Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC) 92
  - 2.8.4.1 Production 92
  - 2.8.4.2 Properties 93
  - 2.8.4.3 Applications 94

3 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES IN NANOCELLULOSE 95

4 REGULATIONS AND STANDARDS 98

4.1 Standards 99
- 4.1.1 International Standards Organization (ISO) 99
- 4.1.2 American National Standards 99
- 4.1.3 CSA Group 99
4.2 Toxicity 99
4.3 Regulation 102

5 NANOCELLULOSE SUPPLY CHAIN 102

6 NANOCELLULOSE PRICING 105

6.1 Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) 105
6.2 Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) 107
6.3 Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) 108

7 MARKETS FOR CELLULOSE NANOFIBERS 108

7.1 Composites 108
- 7.1.1 Market overview 109
- 7.1.2 Applications 114
  - 7.1.2.1 Automotive composites 115
  - 7.1.2.2 Biocomposite films & packaging 116
  - 7.1.2.3 Barrier packaging 116
  - 7.1.2.4 Thermal insulation composites 116
  - 7.1.2.5 Construction composites 117
- 7.1.3 Global market in tons to 2032 117
- 7.1.4 Product developers 118
7.2 Automotive 121
- 7.2.1 Market overview 121
- 7.2.2 Applications 125
  - 7.2.2.1 Composites 125
  - 7.2.2.2 Air intake components 131
  - 7.2.2.3 Tires 131
- 7.2.3 Global market in tons to 2032 132
- 7.2.4 Product developers 133
7.3 Buildings and construction 136
- 7.3.1 Market overview 136
- 7.3.2 Applications 140
  - 7.3.2.1 Sandwich composites 140
  - 7.3.2.2 Cement additives 140
  - 7.3.2.3 Pump primers 141
  - 7.3.2.4 Thermal insulation and damping 141
- 7.3.3 Global market in tons to 2032 142
- 7.3.4 Product developers 143
7.4 Paper and board packaging 145
- 7.4.1 Market overview 145
- 7.4.2 Applications 151
  - 7.4.2.1 Reinforcement and barrier 151
  - 7.4.2.2 Biodegradable food packaging foil and films 152
  - 7.4.2.3 Paperboard coatings 152
- 7.4.3 Global market in tons to 2032 153
- 7.4.4 Product developers 154
7.5 Textiles and apparel 155
- 7.5.1 Market overview 155
- 7.5.2 Applications 159
  - 7.5.2.1 CNF deodorizer and odour reducer (antimicrobial) in adult and child diapers 160
  - 7.5.2.2 Footwear 160
- 7.5.3 Global market in tons to 2032 160
- 7.5.4 Product developer profiles 162
7.6 Biomedicine and healthcare 163
- 7.6.1 Market overview 163
- 7.6.2 Applications 170
  - 7.6.2.1 Wound dressings 170
  - 7.6.2.2 Drug delivery stabilizers 171
  - 7.6.2.3 Tissue engineering scaffolds 171
- 7.6.3 Global market in tons to 2032 172
- 7.6.4 Product developers 173
7.7 Hygiene and sanitary products 176
- 7.7.1 Market overview 176
- 7.7.2 Applications 176
- 7.7.3 Global market in tons to 2032 176
- 7.7.4 Product developers 178
7.8 Paints and coatings 179
- 7.8.1 Market overview 179
- 7.8.2 Applications 183
- 7.8.3 Global market in tons to 2032 183
- 7.8.4 Product developers 185
7.9 Aerogels 187
- 7.9.1 Market overview 187
- 7.9.2 Global market in tons to 2032 190
- 7.9.3 Product developers 191
7.10 Oil and gas 193
- 7.10.1 Market overview 193
- 7.10.2 Applications 196
  - 7.10.2.1 Oil recovery applications (fracturing fluid) 196
  - 7.10.2.2 CNF Membranes for separation 196
  - 7.10.2.3 Oil and gas fluids additives 197
- 7.10.3 Global market in tons to 2032 197
- 7.10.4 Product developers 198
7.11 Filtration 200
- 7.11.1 Market overview 200
- 7.11.2 Applications 205
  - 7.11.2.1 Membranes for selective absorption 206
- 7.11.3 Global market in tons to 2032 206
- 7.11.4 Product developers 207
7.12 Rheology modifiers 209
- 7.12.1 Market overview 209
- 7.12.2 Applications 212
  - 7.12.2.1 Food additives 212
  - 7.12.2.2 Pickering stabilizers 213
  - 7.12.2.3 Hydrogels 213
  - 7.12.2.4 Cosmetics and skincare 214
- 7.12.3 Global market in tons to 2032 214
- 7.12.4 Product developers 215
7.13 Other markets 218
- 7.13.1 Printed, stretchable and flexible electronics 218
  - 7.13.1.1 Market assessment 218
  - 7.13.1.2 Product developers 221
- 7.13.2 3D printing 222
  - 7.13.2.1 Market assessment 222
  - 7.13.2.2 Product developers 225
- 7.13.3 Aerospace 225
  - 7.13.3.1 Market assessment 225
  - 7.13.3.2 Product developers 226
- 7.13.4 Batteries 227
  - 7.13.4.1 Market assessment 227

8 CELLULOSE NANOFIBER COMPANY PROFILES 228

9 CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTAL (CNC) PRODUCER ANALYSIS 369

10 CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTAL (CNC) COMPANY PROFILES 371

11 BACTERIAL CELLULOSE (BC) COMPANY PROFILES 400

12 RESEARCH SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY 411

12.1 Report scope 411
12.2 Research methodology 412

13 REFERENCES 413

List of Tables

Table 1. Market summary for nanocellulose-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, market estimates, global consumption, main current applications, future applications. 27
Table 2. Markets and applications for nanocellulose. 29
Table 3. The nanocellulose market in 2020-2022-industry product and production activity. 31
Table 4. Classification of nanocellulose applications by type of industrial product ranged in terms of their potential of consumption. 32
Table 5. CNF production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tonnes. 34
Table 6. MFC production capacities in metric tonnes and production process, by producer, metric tonnes. 35
Table 7. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers/MFC by market in metric tonnes, 2018-2032. 36
Table 8: Cellulose nanocrystal capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tonnes. 38
Table 9. Global demand for cellulose nanocrystals by market, 2018-2030. 38
Table 10. Market and technical challenges in nanocellulose. 41
Table 11. Nanocellulose -based commercial products. 42
Table 12. Regional demand for nanocellulose, 2021, tons (total excludes MFC). 50
Table 13. Nanocellulose producers and product developers in Japan. 50
Table 14. Nanocellulose research centres, universities and companies in China. 52
Table 15. Nanocellulose producers and product developers in Europe. 53
Table 16. Nanocellulose producers and product developers in North America. 54
Table 17. Properties and applications of nanocellulose. 58
Table 18. Properties of nanocellulose, by type. 59
Table 19. Chemical composition of different lignocellulosic feedstocks used for nanocellulose production (% dry basis). 59
Table 20. Properties of cellulose nanofibrils relative to metallic and polymeric materials. 61
Table 21. Extraction of nanocellulose (NC) from various lignocellulosic sources using different conventional technologies. 64
Table 22. Recent methos for nanocellulose (NC) production. 70
Table 23. Types of nanocellulose. 77
Table 24. Types of nanocellulose. 79
Table 25. Applications of cellulose nanofibers (CNF). 84
Table 26. Synthesis methods for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC). 86
Table 27. CNC sources, size and yield. 87
Table 28. CNC properties. 88
Table 29. Mechanical properties of CNC and other reinforcement materials. 88
Table 30. CNC production processes. 89
Table 31. Applications of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). 91
Table 32. Applications of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). 94
Table 33. Market opportunity assessment for nanocellulose, by application. 95
Table 34. Safety of Micro/Nanofibrillated cellulose. 100
Table 35. Global nanocellulose market supply chain analysis. 102
Table 36: Product/price/application matrix of cellulose nanofiber producers. 105
Table 37: Product/price/application matrix of cellulose nanocrystal producers. 107
Table 38: Product/price/application matrix of bacterial nanocellulose producers. 108
Table 39. Market overview for nanocellulose in composites. 109
Table 40. Comparative properties of polymer composites reinforcing materials. 109
Table 41. Scorecard for nanocellulose in composites. 110
Table 42. Market assessment for nanocellulose in composites-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global composites OEMs. 110
Table 43. Global market demand for nanocellulose in composites, 2018-2032 (metric tonnes). 117
Table 44. Companies developing nanocellulose in composites. 118
Table 45. Market overview for nanocellulose in automotive. 121
Table 46. Scorecard for nanocellulose in automotive. 122
Table 47. Market assessment for nanocellulose in automotive-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global automotive OEMs. 122
Table 48. Components featured in the NCV. 126
Table 49. Global market demand for nanocellulose in the automotive sector 2018-2032 (tons). 132
Table 50. Companies developing nanocellulose products in the automotive industry. 133
Table 51. Market overview for nanocellulose in building and construction. 136
Table 52. Scorecard for nanocellulose in building and construction. 136
Table 53. Comparison of CNC with steel and other materials. 137
Table 54. Market assessment for nanocellulose in building and construction-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global construction OEMs 138
Table 55: Market demand for nanocellulose in building and construction, 2018-2032 (tons). 142
Table 56. Companies developing nanocellulose in building and construction. 143
Table 57. Oxygen permeability of nanocellulose films compared to those made form commercially available petroleum-based materials and other polymers. 145
Table 58. Scorecard for nanocellulose in paper and board packaging. 145
Table 59. Market assessment for nanocellulose in paper and board packaging-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global paper and board packaging OEMs. 146
Table 60. Global demand for nanocellulose in paper & board packaging, 2018-2032 (tons). 153
Table 61. Companies developing nanocellulose products in paper and board. 154
Table 62. Market overview for nanocellulose in textiles and apparel. 155
Table 63. Scorecard for nanocellulose in textiles and apparel. 155
Table 64. Market assessment for nanocellulose in textiles and apparel-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global textiles and apparel OEMs. 156
Table 65. Demand for nanocellulose in textiles, 2018-2032 (tons). 160
Table 66. Companies developing nanocellulose products in textiles and apparel. 162
Table 67. Market overview for cellulose nanofibers in medicine and healthcare. 163
Table 68. Scorecard for nanocellulose in medicine and healthcare. 164
Table 69. Market assessment for nanocellulose in medicine and healthcare-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global medicine and healthcare OEMs. 165
Table 70. Global demand for nanocellulose in medical and healthcare, 2018-2032 (tons). 172
Table 71. Nanocellulose product developers in medicine and healthcare. 173
Table 72. Market overview for nanocellulose in the hygiene and sanitary products market. 176
Table 73. Global demand for nanocellulose in hygiene and absorbents, 2018-2032 (tons). 176
Table 74. Nanocellulose product developers in hygiene and sanitary products. 178
Table 75. Market overview for nanocellulose in paints and coatings. 179
Table 76. Scorecard for nanocellulose in paints and coatings. 179
Table 77. Market assessment for nanocellulose in paints and coatings-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global paints and coatings OEMs. 180
Table 78. Global demand for nanocellulose in paint and coatings, 2018-2032 (tons). 183
Table 79. Companies developing nanocellulose products in paints and coatings, applications targeted and stage of commercialization. 185
Table 80. Market overview for nanocellulose in aerogels. 187
Table 81. Scorecard for cellulose nanofibers in aerogels. 187
Table 82. Market assessment for nanocellulose in aerogels-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global aerogels OEMs. 188
Table 83. Global demand for nanocellulose in aerogels, 2018-2032 (tons). 190
Table 84. Nanocellulose in product developers in aerogels. 191
Table 85. Market overview for nanocellulose in in oil and gas. 193
Table 86. Scorecard for nanocellulose in in oil and gas. 193
Table 87. Market assessment for nanocellulose in in oil and gas-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global oil and gas OEMs. 194
Table 88. Global demand for nanocellulose in the oil and gas market, 2018-2032 (tons). 197
Table 89. Nanocellulose product developers in oil and gas exploration. 198
Table 90. CNF membranes. 201
Table 91. Market overview for nanocellulose in filtration. 201
Table 92. Scorecard for nanocellulose in filtration. 202
Table 93. Market assessment for nanocellulose in filtration-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global filtration OEMs. 202
Table 94: Global demand for nanocellulose in the filtration market, 2018-2032 (tons). 206
Table 95. Companies developing nanocellulose products in filtration. 207
Table 96. Market overview for nanocellulose in rheology modifiers. 209
Table 97. Scorecard for nanocellulose in rheology modifiers. 210
Table 98. Market assessment for nanocellulose in rheology modifiers-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global rheology modifier OEMs. 210
Table 99. Global demand for nanocellulose in the rheology modifiers market, 2018-2032 (tons). 214
Table 100. Commercial activity in nanocellulose rheology modifiers. 215
Table 101. Properties of flexible electronics‐cellulose nanofiber film (nanopaper). 218
Table 102. Market assessment for nanocellulose in printed, stretchable and flexible electronics-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global printed, flexible and stretchable electronics OEMs. 219
Table 103. Companies developing nanocellulose products in printed, stretchable and flexible electronics. 221
Table 104. Market assessment for nanocellulose in 3D priniting-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global 3D printing OEMs. 222
Table 105. Companies developing nanocellulose printing products. 225
Table 106. Market assessment for nanocellulose in aerospace-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading. 225
Table 107: Companies developing nanocellulose products in aircraft and aerospace. 226
Table 108. Market assessment for nanocellulose in Batteries-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks. 227
Table 109: Granbio Nanocellulose Processes. 273
Table 110. Nippon Paper commercial CNF products. 308
Table 111: Oji Holdings CNF products. 318
Table 112: CNC producers and production capacities. 369
Table 113: Target market, by cellulose nanocrystal producer. 370
Table 114. Fibnano properties. 408

List of Figures

Figure 1. Market segmentation by type of nanocellulose, capacities and demand 2021, metric tonnes. 32
Figure 2. Market segmentation by type of nanocellulose, capacities and demand 2021, metric tonnes. 34
Figure 3. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers/MFC in metric tonnes by market, 2018-2032. 37
Figure 4. Global demand for cellulose nanocrystals by market, 2018-2032. 40
Figure 5. Dorayaki. 43
Figure 6. ENASAVE NEXT. 43
Figure 7. GEL-KAYANO™. 44
Figure 8. Kirekira! toilet wipes. 45
Figure 9. "Poise" series Super strong deodorant sheet. 46
Figure 10. SC-3 (B) speakers. 47
Figure 11. SE-MONITOR5 headphones. 47
Figure 12. "Skin Care Acty" series Adult diapers. 48
Figure 13. "SURISURI" Lotion. 48
Figure 14. Regional demand for nanocellulose, 2020. 50
Figure 15. Schematic diagram of partial molecular structure of cellulose chain with numbering for carbon atoms and n= number of cellobiose repeating unit. 56
Figure 16. Scale of cellulose materials. 57
Figure 17. Nanocellulose preparation methods and resulting materials. 62
Figure 18. Types of nanocellulose. 78
Figure 19. Relationship between different kinds of nanocelluloses. 79
Figure 20. Various preparation methods for nanocellulose. 81
Figure 21. CNF gel. 82
Figure 22. TEM image of cellulose nanocrystals. 85
Figure 23. CNC preparation. 86
Figure 24. Extracting CNC from trees. 87
Figure 25. CNC slurry. 90
Figure 26. Bacterial nanocellulose shapes 93
Figure 27. Applications of nanocellulose in composites. 115
Figure 28. Global market demand for nanocellulose in composites, 2018-2032 (metric tonnes). 118
Figure 29. CNF mixed PLA (Poly Lactic Acid). 119
Figure 30. CNF resin products. 120
Figure 31. Interior of NCV concept car. 121
Figure 32. Applications of nanocellulose in automotive. 125
Figure 33. Interior of the NCV prototype. 126
Figure 34. Global demand for nanocellulose in the automotive sector, 2018-2032 (tons). 132
Figure 35: Daio Paper's cellulose nanofiber material in doors and hood of race car. 133
Figure 36: CNF composite. 134
Figure 37: Engine cover utilizing Kao CNF composite resins. 134
Figure 38. CNF car engine cover developed in Japan Ministry of the Environment’s (MOE) Nano Cellulose Vehicle (NCV) Project. 135
Figure 39. Comparison of nanofillers with supplementary cementitious materials and aggregates in concrete. 137
Figure 40. Applications of nanocellulose in building and construction. 140
Figure 41. Demand for nanocellulose in construction, 2018-2032 (tons). 143
Figure 42. Applications of nanocellulose in paper and board packaging. 151
Figure 43. Global demand for nanocellulose in the paper & board/packaging, 2018-2032 (tons). 153
Figure 44. Applications of nanocellulose in textiles and apparel. 160
Figure 45. Asics GEL-KAYANO™ 25 running shoe. 160
Figure 46. Demand for nanocellulose in the textiles, 2018-2032 (tons). 161
Figure 47. CNF deodorant products. 162
Figure 48. Applications of nanocellulose in medicine and healthcare. 170
Figure 49. Global demand for nanocellulose in medical and healthcare, 2018-2032 (tons). 172
Figure 50. Fibnano. 174
Figure 51. Global demand for nanocellulose in hygiene and absorbents, 2018-2032 (tons). 177
Figure 52. Applications of nanocellulose in paints and coatings. 183
Figure 53. Global demand for nanocellulose in paint and coatings, 2018-2032 (tons). 184
Figure 54. Hefcel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test. 186
Figure 55: Global demand for nanocellulose in in aerogels, 2018-2032 (tons). 191
Figure 56. Global demand for nanocellulose in the oil and gas market, 2018-2032 (tons). 198
Figure 57. Nanocellulose sponge developed by EMPA for potential applications in oil recovery. 199
Figure 58. Applications of nanocellulose in filtration. 205
Figure 59. Global demand for nanocellulose in the filtration market, 2018-2032 (tons). 207
Figure 60. Multi-layered cross section of CNF-nw. 208
Figure 61. Applications of nanocellulose in rheology modifiers. 212
Figure 62. Global demand for nanocellulose in the rheology modifiers market, 2018-2032 (tons). 215
Figure 63. "SURISURI" products. 216
Figure 64. Foldable nanopaper antenna. 219
Figure 65: Flexible electronic substrate made from CNF. 221
Figure 66. Oji CNF transparent sheets. 222
Figure 67. Electronic components using NFC as insulating materials. 222
Figure 68: Anpoly cellulose nanofiber hydrogel. 229
Figure 69. MEDICELLU™. 229
Figure 70: Ashai Kasei CNF production process. 231
Figure 71: Asahi Kasei CNF fabric sheet. 232
Figure 72: Properties of Asahi Kasei cellulose nanofiber nonwoven fabric. 232
Figure 73. CNF nonwoven fabric. 233
Figure 74. Borregaard Chemcell CNF production process. 238
Figure 75. nanoforest products. 247
Figure 76. Chuetsu Pulp & Paper CNF production process. 248
Figure 77. nanoforest-S. 248
Figure 78. nanoforest-PDP. 249
Figure 79. nanoforest-MB. 249
Figure 80. Daicel Corporation CNF production process. 251
Figure 81. Celish. 251
Figure 82: Trunk lid incorporating CNF. 252
Figure 83. Daio Paper CNF production process. 254
Figure 84. ELLEX products. 255
Figure 85. CNF-reinforced PP compounds. 256
Figure 86. Kirekira! toilet wipes. 256
Figure 87. Color CNF. 257
Figure 88. DIC Products CNF production process. 259
Figure 89. DKS Co. Ltd. CNF production process. 261
Figure 90: Rheocrysta spray. 262
Figure 91. DKS CNF products. 262
Figure 92: CNF based on citrus peel. 264
Figure 93. Citrus cellulose nanofiber. 264
Figure 94. Imerys CNF production process. 266
Figure 95. Filler Bank CNC products. 268
Figure 96: Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) composite with polyethylene (PE). 269
Figure 97: CNF products from Furukawa Electric. 271
Figure 98. Granbio CNF production process. 274
Figure 99: Cutlery samples (spoon, knife, fork) made of nano cellulose and biodegradable plastic composite materials. 276
Figure 100. Non-aqueous CNF dispersion "Senaf" (Photo shows 5% of plasticizer). 277
Figure 101: CNF gel. 279
Figure 102: Block nanocellulose material. 280
Figure 103: CNF products developed by Hokuetsu. 280
Figure 104. Innventia CNF production process. 282
Figure 105: Innventia AB movable nanocellulose demo plant. 283
Figure 106. Kami Shoji CNF products. 285
Figure 107. Dual Graft System. 287
Figure 108: Engine cover utilizing Kao CNF composite resins. 288
Figure 109. Acrylic resin blended with modified CNF (fluid) and its molded product (transparent film), and image obtained with AFM (CNF 10wt% blended). 288
Figure 110: 0.3% aqueous dispersion of sulfated esterified CNF and dried transparent film (front side). 289
Figure 111. Kruger Biomaterials, Inc. CNF production process. 291
Figure 112. CNF deodorant. 293
Figure 113. Chitin nanofiber product. 294
Figure 114. Marusumi Paper cellulose nanofiber products. 296
Figure 115. FibriMa cellulose nanofiber powder. 297
Figure 116. Cellulomix production process. 299
Figure 117. Nanobase versus conventional products. 300
Figure 118. Uni-ball Signo UMN-307. 300
Figure 119: CNF slurries. 301
Figure 120. Range of CNF products. 301
Figure 121: Nanocell serum product. 303
Figure 122: Hydrophobization facilities for raw pulp. 304
Figure 123: Mixing facilities for CNF-reinforced plastic. 304
Figure 124. Nippon Paper CNF production process. 307
Figure 125: Nippon Paper Industries’ adult diapers. 308
Figure 126. All-resin forceps incorporating CNF. 310
Figure 127. CNF paint product. 312
Figure 128: CNF wet powder. 313
Figure 129: CNF transparent film. 314
Figure 130: Transparent CNF sheets. 314
Figure 131. Oji Paper CNF production process. 316
Figure 132: CNF clear sheets. 318
Figure 133. Oji Holdings CNF polycarbonate product. 320
Figure 134: Fluorene cellulose ® powder. 321
Figure 135. A vacuum cleaner part made of cellulose fiber (left) and the assembled vacuum cleaner. 322
Figure 136. Performance Biofilaments CNF production process. 323
Figure 137: XCNF. 325
Figure 138: CNF insulation flat plates. 327
Figure 139. Seiko PMC CNF production process. 330
Figure 140. Manufacturing process for STARCEL. 331
Figure 141: Rubber soles incorporating CNF. 333
Figure 142. CNF dispersion and powder from Starlite. 334
Figure 143. Stora Enso CNF production process. 335
Figure 144. Sugino Machine CNF production process. 337
Figure 145: High Pressure Water Jet Process. 337
Figure 146: 2 wt.％ CNF suspension. 338
Figure 147. BiNFi-s Dry Powder. 338
Figure 148. BiNFi-s Dry Powder and Propylene (PP) Complex Pellet. 339
Figure 149: Silk nanofiber (right) and cocoon of raw material. 339
Figure 150: SVILOSA AD CNC products. 341
Figure 151: Silver / CNF composite dispersions. 346
Figure 152: CNF/nanosilver powder. 347
Figure 153: Comparison of weight reduction effect using CNF. 348
Figure 154: CNF resin products. 350
Figure 155. University of Maine CNF production process. 352
Figure 156. UPM-Kymmene CNF production process. 354
Figure 157. FibDex® wound dressing. 355
Figure 158. US Forest Service Products Laboratory CNF production process. 357
Figure 159: Flexible electronic substrate made from CNF. 358
Figure 160. VTT 100% bio-based stand-up pouches. 360
Figure 161. VTT CNF production process. 362
Figure 162: HefCel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test. 363
Figure 163: Bio-based barrier bags prepared from Tempo-CNF coated bio-HDPE film. 364
Figure 164. S-CNF in powder form. 365
Figure 165. Zelfo Technology GmbH CNF production process. 367
Figure 166: R3TM process technology. 374
Figure 167: Blue Goose CNC Production Process. 375
Figure 168: NCCTM Process. 378
Figure 169: Celluforce production process. 379
Figure 170: CNC produced at Tech Futures’ pilot plant; cloudy suspension (1 wt.%), gel-like (10 wt.%), flake-like crystals, and very fine powder. Product advantages include: 380
Figure 171. Filler Bank CNC products. 381
Figure 172: Plantrose process. 388
Figure 173. CNC solution. 393
Figure 174. University of Maine CNF production process. 395
Figure 175. US Forest Service Products Laboratory CNF production process. 397
Figure 176. Cellugy materials. 405
Figure 177: Bacterial cellulose face mask sheet. 407

The Global Market for Nanocellulose 2022-2032

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The Global Market for Nanomaterials 2010-2030