Published March 25 2020, 270 pages, 71 tables, 87 figures
When the current global crisis has abated, efforts must turn to future preventative measures. Nanocoatings can demonstrate up to 99.9998% effectiveness against bacteria, formaldehyde, mold and viruses and are up to 1000 times more efficient than previous technologies available on the market. They can work on multiple levels at the same time: antiviral, bacterial and fungal and self-cleaning. Nanocoatings companies are already partnering with global manufacturers and cities to develop anti-viral facemasks, hazard suits and easily applied surface coatings.
Their use makes it possible to provide enhanced antiviral, antibacterial, mold-reducing and TVOC degrading processes, that are non-toxic and environmentally friendly, allowing for exceptional hygiene standards in all areas of work and life. As a result, it is possible create a healthier living and working environment and to offer holistic solutions to people with a diminished immune system. Nano-based surface coatings prevent the spread of bacteria, fungi and viruses via infected surfaces of so called high-traffic objects, such as door and window handles in public places, hospitals, public buildings, schools, elderly homes etc.
Antimicrobial, Antiviral, and Antifungal Nanocoatings are available in various material compositions, for healthcare and household surfaces, for indoor and outdoor applications, to protect against corrosion and mildew, as well as for water and air purification. Nanocoatings also reduce surface contamination, are self-cleaning, water-repellent and odor-inhibiting, reducing cleaning and maintenance
Antimicrobial, Antiviral, and Antifungal Nanocoatings can be applied by spraying or dipping and adhere to various surfaces such as glass, metals and various alloys, copper and stainless steel, marble and stone slabs, ceramics and tiles, textiles and plastics.
Nanoparticles of different materials such as metal nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, metal oxide nanoparticles, and graphene-based materials have demonstrated enhanced anti-microbial and anti-viral activity. The use of inorganic nanomaterials when compared with organic anti-microbial agents is also desirable due to their stability, robustness, and long shelf life. At high temperatures/pressures organic antimicrobial materials are found to be less stable compared to inorganic antimicrobial agents. The various antimicrobial mechanisms of nanomaterials are mostly attributed to their high specific surface area-to-volume ratios, and their distinctive physico-chemical properties.
Anti-viral nanocoatings
Viruses constitute a group of heterogeneous and much simpler organisms. They range in size from 100-300nm, much smaller than bacteria. Viruses are unique in that they have no independent metabolic activities and have to rely solely on infection living hosts to reproduce themselves. Unlike all other life, viruses may contain either DNA or RNA as genetic materials, but not both.
The nucleic materials are surrounded by a protein coat to protect them from harmful agents in the environment. The protein coat also provides the specific binding site necessary for the attachment of virus to its host. Some viruses also contain an outer envelope made up of lipids , polysaccharides , and protein molecules. The lipids and polysaccharides are of host cell organ , and their presence allows a virus to fuse with a host cell and thus gain entry.
A virus not having the outer envelope infects a cell in quit a different manner. Infection is initiated by the attachment of a specialized site on the surface of the protein coat of the virus onto a specific receptor site on the surface of the host cell.
Once this binding is complete viruses can release genetic materials into the host cell and take advantage of the machinery of the host cell to reproduce and assemble themselves. These newly produced viruses are now ready to infect other cells .
Therefore, one of the key processes to disable viruses is through the control of their surface structure, especially their binding sites, so they can no longer recognize the receptor site on the host cells. As many types of nanocoatings attack most effectively on the virus’s surface, they represent an excellent viable technology to destroy the viruses surface structure.
Report contents include:
- Size in value for the Antimicrobial, Antiviral, and Antifungal Nanocoatings market, and growth rate during the forecast period, 2017-2030. Historical figures are also provided, from 2010.
- Antimicrobial, Antiviral, and Antifungal Nanocoatings market segments analysis.
- Size in value for the End-user industries for nanocoatings and growth during the forecast period.
- Market drivers, trends and challenges, by end user markets.
- Market outlook for 2020.
- In-depth market assessment of opportunities for nanocoatings, by type and markets.
- Antimicrobial, Antiviral, and Antifungal Nanocoatings applications.
- In-depth analysis of antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal surface treatments, coatings and films.
- In-depth analysis of antibacterial and antiviral treatment for antibacterial mask, filter, gloves, clothes and devices.
- Over 100 company profiles including products, technology base, target markets and contact details.
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1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................... 22
1.1 Aims and objectives of the study....................................................................................................... 22
1.2 Market definition................................................................................................................................. 22
1.2.1 Properties of nanomaterials..................................................................................................... 23
1.2.2 Categorization........................................................................................................................... 24
2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY......................................................... 26
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................... 27
3.1 High performance coatings................................................................................................................ 27
3.2 Nanocoatings..................................................................................................................................... 27
3.3 Anti-viral nanoparticles and nanocoatings........................................................................................ 29
3.4 Market drivers and trends.................................................................................................................. 30
3.5 Global market size and opportunity to 2030...................................................................................... 32
3.5.1 End user market for nanocoatings........................................................................................... 32
3.5.2 Global revenues for nanocoatings 2010-2030......................................................................... 35
3.5.3 Global revenues for nanocoatings, by market......................................................................... 37
3.5.3.1 The market in 2018......................................................................................................... 37
3.5.3.2 The market in 2019......................................................................................................... 39
3.5.3.3 The market in 2030......................................................................................................... 41
3.5.4 Global revenues by nanocoatings, by type.............................................................................. 42
3.5.5 Regional demand for nanocoatings......................................................................................... 48
3.6 Market and technical challenges....................................................................................................... 50
4 NANOCOATINGS TECHNICAL ANALYSIS..................................... 52
4.1 Properties of nanocoatings................................................................................................................ 52
4.2 Benefits of using nanocoatings.......................................................................................................... 53
4.2.1 Types of nanocoatings............................................................................................................. 54
4.3 Production and synthesis methods................................................................................................... 54
4.4 Hydrophobic coatings and surfaces.................................................................................................. 66
4.5 Superhydrophobic coatings and surfaces......................................................................................... 67
4.6 Oleophobic and omniphobic coatings and surfaces......................................................................... 70
5 NANOMATERIALS USED IN ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIVIRAL AND ANTIFUNGAL NANOCOATINGS.......................................................... 73
5.1 GRAPHENE....................................................................................................................................... 75
5.1.1 Properties................................................................................................................................. 75
5.1.2 Graphene oxide........................................................................................................................ 77
5.1.2.1 Anti-bacterial activity....................................................................................................... 77
5.1.2.2 Anti-viral activity.............................................................................................................. 77
5.1.3 Reduced graphene oxide (rGO)............................................................................................... 77
5.1.4 Markets and applications.......................................................................................................... 79
5.1.5 Commercial activity.................................................................................................................. 79
5.2 SILICON DIOXIDE/SILICA NANOPARTICLES................................................................................ 80
5.2.1 Properties................................................................................................................................. 80
5.2.2 Antimicrobial and antiviral activity............................................................................................ 81
5.2.3 Easy-clean and dirt repellent.................................................................................................... 81
5.3 NANOSILVER.................................................................................................................................... 83
5.3.1 Properties................................................................................................................................. 83
5.3.2 Antimicrobial and antiviral activity............................................................................................ 83
5.3.3 Markets and applications.......................................................................................................... 84
5.3.3.1 Textiles............................................................................................................................ 85
5.3.3.2 Wound dressings............................................................................................................ 85
5.3.3.3 Consumer products......................................................................................................... 85
5.3.3.4 Air filtration...................................................................................................................... 85
5.3.4 Commercial activity.................................................................................................................. 85
5.4 TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES.......................................................................................... 87
5.4.1 Properties................................................................................................................................. 87
5.4.2 Exterior and construction glass coatings................................................................................. 88
5.4.3 Outdoor air pollution................................................................................................................. 90
5.4.4 Interior coatings........................................................................................................................ 91
5.4.5 Improving indoor air quality...................................................................................................... 91
5.4.6 Medical facilities....................................................................................................................... 92
5.4.7 Wastewater Treatment............................................................................................................. 92
5.5 ZINC OXIDE NANOPARTICLES...................................................................................................... 94
5.5.1 Properties................................................................................................................................. 94
5.5.2 Antimicrobial activity................................................................................................................. 95
5.6 NANOCEULLOSE............................................................................................................................. 96
5.6.1 Properties................................................................................................................................. 96
5.6.2 Antimicrobial activity................................................................................................................. 97
5.6.2.1 Cellulose nanofibers....................................................................................................... 97
5.6.2.2 Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)......................................................................................... 97
5.7 CARBON NANOTUBES.................................................................................................................... 98
5.7.1 Properties................................................................................................................................. 98
5.7.2 Antimicrobial activity................................................................................................................. 98
5.8 FULLERENES................................................................................................................................... 99
5.8.1 Properties................................................................................................................................. 99
5.8.2 Antimicrobial activity................................................................................................................. 99
5.9 CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES...................................................................................................... 100
5.9.1 Properties............................................................................................................................... 100
5.9.2 Wound dressings.................................................................................................................... 101
5.9.3 Packaging coatings and films................................................................................................. 102
5.9.4 Food storage........................................................................................................................... 102
5.10 COPPER NANOPARTICLES..................................................................................................... 103
5.10.1 Properties............................................................................................................................... 103
6 NANOCOATINGS MARKET STRUCTURE.................................... 104
7 MARKET ANALYSIS...................................................................... 106
7.1 ANTI-MICROBIAL AND ANTIVIRAL NANOCOATINGS................................................................ 107
7.1.1 Market drivers and trends....................................................................................................... 109
7.1.2 Applications............................................................................................................................ 114
7.1.3 Global market size.................................................................................................................. 115
7.1.3.1 Nanocoatings opportunity............................................................................................. 116
7.1.3.2 Global revenues 2010-2030......................................................................................... 117
7.1.4 Companies.............................................................................................................................. 118
7.2 ANTI-FOULING AND EASY-TO-CLEAN NANOCOATINGS......................................................... 121
7.2.1 Market drivers and trends....................................................................................................... 122
7.2.2 Benefits of anti-fouling and easy-to-clean nanocoatings....................................................... 123
7.2.3 Applications............................................................................................................................ 123
7.2.4 Global market size.................................................................................................................. 123
7.2.4.1 Nanocoatings opportunity............................................................................................. 123
7.2.4.2 Global revenues 2010-2030......................................................................................... 125
7.2.5 Companies.............................................................................................................................. 127
7.3 SELF-CLEANING (BIONIC) NANOCOATINGS............................................................................. 130
7.3.1 Market drivers and trends....................................................................................................... 131
7.3.2 Market drivers and trends....................................................................................................... 131
7.3.3 Benefits of self-cleaning nanocoatings.................................................................................. 131
7.3.4 Global market size.................................................................................................................. 132
7.3.4.1 Nanocoatings opportunity............................................................................................. 133
7.3.4.2 Global revenues 2010-2030......................................................................................... 135
7.3.5 Companies.............................................................................................................................. 136
7.4 SELF-CLEANING (PHOTOCATALYTIC) NANOCOATINGS......................................................... 138
7.4.1 Market drivers and trends....................................................................................................... 139
7.4.2 Benefits of photocatalytic self-cleaning nanocoatings........................................................... 139
7.4.3 Applications............................................................................................................................ 140
7.4.3.1 Self-Cleaning Coatings................................................................................................. 140
7.4.3.2 Indoor Air Pollution and Sick Building Syndrome......................................................... 140
7.4.3.3 Outdoor Air Pollution..................................................................................................... 140
7.4.3.4 Water Treatment........................................................................................................... 141
7.4.4 Global market size.................................................................................................................. 141
7.4.4.1 Nanocoatings opportunity............................................................................................. 141
7.4.4.2 Global revenues 2010-2030......................................................................................... 144
7.4.5 Companies.............................................................................................................................. 145
8 MARKET SEGMENT ANALYSIS, BY END USER MARKET......... 148
8.1 CONSTRUCTION............................................................................................................................ 149
8.1.1 Market drivers and trends....................................................................................................... 149
8.1.2 Applications............................................................................................................................ 150
8.1.2.1 Protective coatings for glass, concrete and other construction materials.................... 151
8.1.2.2 Photocatalytic nano-TiO2 coatings............................................................................... 151
8.1.2.3 Anti-graffiti..................................................................................................................... 153
8.1.2.4 UV-protection................................................................................................................ 153
8.1.2.5 Titanium dioxide nanoparticles..................................................................................... 153
8.1.2.6 Zinc oxide nanoparticles............................................................................................... 154
8.1.3 Global market size.................................................................................................................. 154
8.1.3.1 Nanocoatings opportunity............................................................................................. 154
8.1.3.2 Global revenues 2010-2030......................................................................................... 156
8.1.4 Companies.............................................................................................................................. 157
8.2 HOUSEHOLD CARE, SANITARY AND INDOOR AIR QUALITY.................................................. 162
8.2.1 Market drivers and trends....................................................................................................... 162
8.2.2 Applications............................................................................................................................ 162
8.2.2.1 Self-cleaning and easy-to-clean................................................................................... 162
8.2.2.2 Food preparation and processing................................................................................. 162
8.2.2.3 Indoor pollutants and air quality.................................................................................... 163
8.2.3 Global market size.................................................................................................................. 164
8.2.3.1 Nanocoatings opportunity............................................................................................. 164
8.2.3.2 Global revenues 2010-2030......................................................................................... 165
8.2.4 Companies.............................................................................................................................. 167
8.3 MEDICAL & HEALTHCARE............................................................................................................ 170
8.3.1 Market drivers and trends....................................................................................................... 170
8.3.2 Applications............................................................................................................................ 171
8.3.2.1 Anti-fouling.................................................................................................................... 172
8.3.2.2 Anti-microbial and infection control............................................................................... 172
8.3.2.3 Nanosilver..................................................................................................................... 172
8.3.2.4 Medical device coatings................................................................................................ 173
8.3.3 Global market size.................................................................................................................. 175
8.3.3.1 Nanocoatings opportunity............................................................................................. 175
8.3.3.2 Global revenues 2010-2030......................................................................................... 176
8.3.4 Companies.............................................................................................................................. 177
8.4 TEXTILES AND APPAREL............................................................................................................. 181
8.4.1 Market drivers and trends....................................................................................................... 181
8.4.2 Applications............................................................................................................................ 181
8.4.2.1 Protective textiles.......................................................................................................... 182
8.4.3 Global market size.................................................................................................................. 187
8.4.3.1 Nanocoatings opportunity............................................................................................. 187
8.4.3.2 Global market revenues 2010-2030............................................................................. 189
8.4.4 Companies.............................................................................................................................. 190
9 ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIVIRAL AND ANTIFUNGAL NANOCOATINGS COMPANIES........................................................................................ 193 (103 COMPANY PROFILES)
10 REFERENCES................................................................................ 261
TABLES
Table 1: Categorization of nanomaterials....................................................................................................... 24
Table 2: Properties of nanocoatings................................................................................................................ 28
Table 3. Market drivers and trends in nanocoatings....................................................................................... 30
Table 4: End user markets for nanocoatings.................................................................................................. 33
Table 5: Global revenues for nanocoatings, 2010-2030, millions USD, conservative estimate.................... 35
Table 6: Global revenues for nanocoatings, 2018, millions USD, by market................................................. 37
Table 7: Estimated revenues for nanocoatings, 2019, millions USD, by market........................................... 39
Table 8: Estimated revenues for nanocoatings, 2030, millions USD, by market........................................... 41
Table 9: Global revenues for nanocoatings, 2018, millions USD, by type..................................................... 42
Table 10: Estimated global revenues for nanocoatings, 2019, millions USD, by type................................... 44
Table 11: Estimated revenues for nanocoatings, 2030, millions USD, by type.............................................. 46
Table 12: Market and technical challenges for nanocoatings......................................................................... 50
Table 13: Technology for synthesizing nanocoatings agents......................................................................... 54
Table 14: Film coatings techniques................................................................................................................. 56
Table 15: Contact angles of hydrophilic, super hydrophilic, hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces.. 67
Table 16: Disadvantages of commonly utilized superhydrophobic coating methods..................................... 68
Table 17: Applications of oleophobic & omniphobic coatings......................................................................... 71
Table 18: Nanomaterials used in nanocoatings and applications.................................................................. 73
Table 19: Graphene properties relevant to application in coatings................................................................ 75
Table 20. Bactericidal characters of graphene-based materials.................................................................... 78
Table 21. Markets and applications for antimicrobial and antiviral nanocoatings graphene nanocoatings... 79
Table 22. Commercial activity in antimicrobial and antiviral nanocoatings graphene nanocoatings............. 79
Table 23. Markets and applications for antimicrobial nanosilver nanocoatings............................................. 84
Table 24. Commercial activity in antimicrobial nanosilver nanocoatings....................................................... 85
Table 25. Types of carbon-based nanoparticles as antimicrobial agent, their mechanisms of action and characteristics......................................................................................................................................... 100
Table 26. Mechanism of chitosan antimicrobial action................................................................................. 101
Table 27: Nanocoatings market structure..................................................................................................... 104
Table 28: Anti-microbial and antiviral nanocoatings-Nanomaterials used, principles, properties and applications............................................................................................................................................. 107
Table 29: Nanomaterials utilized in antimicrobial and antiviral nanocoatings coatings-benefits and applications............................................................................................................................................. 112
Table 30: Antimicrobial and antiviral nanocoatings markets and applications............................................. 114
Table 31: Market assessment of antimicrobial and antiviral nanocoatings................................................. 116
Table 32: Opportunity for antimicrobial and antiviral nanocoatings.............................................................. 116
Table 33: Revenues for antimicrobial and antiviral nanocoatings, 2010-2030, US$.................................... 117
Table 34: Antimicrobial and antiviral nanocoatings product and application developers............................. 118
Table 35: Anti-fouling and easy-to-clean nanocoatings-Nanomaterials used, principles, properties and applications............................................................................................................................................. 121
Table 36: Market drivers and trends in Anti-fouling and easy-to-clean nanocoatings.................................. 122
Table 37: Anti-fouling and easy-to-clean nanocoatings markets, applications and potential addressable market..................................................................................................................................................... 124
Table 38: Market assessment for anti-fouling and easy-to-clean nanocoatings.......................................... 124
Table 39: Revenues for anti-fouling and easy-to-clean nanocoatings, 2010-2030, US$............................. 125
Table 40: Anti-fouling and easy-to-clean nanocoatings product and application developers...................... 127
Table 41: Self-cleaning (bionic) nanocoatings-Nanomaterials used, principles, properties and applications.................................................................................................................................................................. 130
Table 42: Market drivers and trends in Self-cleaning (bionic) nanocoatings................................................ 131
Table 43: Self-cleaning (bionic) nanocoatings-Markets and applications.................................................... 133
Table 44: Market assessment for self-cleaning (bionic) nanocoatings......................................................... 134
Table 45: Revenues for self-cleaning nanocoatings, 2010-2030, US$........................................................ 135
Table 46: Self-cleaning (bionic) nanocoatings product and application developers.................................... 136
Table 47: Self-cleaning (photocatalytic) nanocoatings-Nanomaterials used, principles, properties and applications............................................................................................................................................. 138
Table 48: Market drivers and trends in photocatalytic nanocoatings............................................................ 139
Table 49: Photocatalytic nanocoatings-Markets, applications and potential addressable market size by 2027.................................................................................................................................................................. 142
Table 50: Market assessment for self-cleaning (photocatalytic) nanocoatings............................................ 143
Table 51: Revenues for self-cleaning (photocatalytic) nanocoatings, 2010-2030, US$.............................. 144
Table 52: Self-cleaning (photocatalytic) nanocoatings product and application developers........................ 145
Table 53: Market drivers and trends for nanocoatings in the construction market....................................... 149
Table 54: Nanocoatings applied in the construction industry-type of coating, nanomaterials utilized and benefits.................................................................................................................................................... 150
Table 55: Photocatalytic nanocoatings-Markets and applications................................................................ 152
Table 56: Revenues for nanocoatings in construction, architecture and exterior protection, 2010-2030, US$.................................................................................................................................................................. 156
Table 57: Construction, architecture and exterior protection nanocoatings product developers................. 157
Table 58: Market drivers and trends for nanocoatings in household care and sanitary............................... 162
Table 59: Revenues for nanocoatings in household care, sanitary and indoor air quality, 2010-2030, US$. 165
Table 60: Household care, sanitary and indoor air quality nanocoatings product developers..................... 167
Table 61: Market drivers and trends for nanocoatings in medicine and healthcare..................................... 170
Table 62: Nanocoatings applied in the medical industry-type of coating, nanomaterials utilized, benefits and applications............................................................................................................................................. 172
Table 63: Types of advanced coatings applied in medical devices and implants........................................ 173
Table 64: Nanomaterials utilized in medical implants................................................................................... 174
Table 65: Revenues for nanocoatings in medical and healthcare, 2010-2030, US$................................... 176
Table 66: Medical and healthcare nanocoatings product developers.......................................................... 178
Table 67: Market drivers and trends for nanocoatings in the textiles and apparel industry......................... 181
Table 68: Applications in textiles, by advanced materials type and benefits thereof................................... 182
Table 69: Nanocoatings applied in the textiles industry-type of coating, nanomaterials utilized, benefits and applications............................................................................................................................................. 184
Table 70: Revenues for nanocoatings in textiles and apparel, 2010-2030, US$......................................... 189
Table 71: Textiles nanocoatings product developers.................................................................................... 190
FIGURES
Figure 1: Global revenues for nanocoatings, 2010-2030, millions USD, conservative estimate................... 36
Figure 2: Global market revenues for nanocoatings 2018, millions USD, by market..................................... 38
Figure 3: Markets for nanocoatings 2018, %.................................................................................................. 39
Figure 4: Estimated market revenues for nanocoatings 2019, millions USD, by market............................... 40
Figure 5: Estimated market revenues for nanocoatings 2030, millions USD, by market............................... 41
Figure 6: Markets for nanocoatings 2030, %.................................................................................................. 42
Figure 7: Global revenues for nanocoatings, 2018, millions USD, by type.................................................... 43
Figure 8: Markets for nanocoatings 2018, by nanocoatings type, %.............................................................. 44
Figure 9: Estimated global revenues for nanocoatings, 2019, millions USD, by type.................................... 45
Figure 10: Market for nanocoatings 2030, by nanocoatings type, US$.......................................................... 47
Figure 11: Market for nanocoatings 2030, by nanocoatings type, %.............................................................. 48
Figure 12: Regional demand for nanocoatings, 2018..................................................................................... 49
Figure 13: Regional demand for nanocoatings, 2019..................................................................................... 49
Figure 14: Regional demand for nanocoatings, 2030..................................................................................... 50
Figure 15: Hydrophobic fluoropolymer nanocoatings on electronic circuit boards......................................... 53
Figure 16: Nanocoatings synthesis techniques.............................................................................................. 55
Figure 17: Techniques for constructing superhydrophobic coatings on substrates....................................... 58
Figure 18: Electrospray deposition.................................................................................................................. 59
Figure 19: CVD technique............................................................................................................................... 60
Figure 20: Schematic of ALD........................................................................................................................... 62
Figure 21: SEM images of different layers of TiO2 nanoparticles in steel surface......................................... 63
Figure 22: The coating system is applied to the surface. The solvent evaporates........................................ 64
Figure 23: A first organization takes place where the silicon-containing bonding component (blue dots in figure 2) bonds covalently with the surface and cross-links with neighbouring molecules to form a strong three-dimensional...................................................................................................................................... 64
Figure 24: During the curing, the compounds organise themselves in a nanoscale monolayer. The fluorine-containing repellent component (red dots in figure) on top makes the glass hydro- phobic and oleophobic.................................................................................................................................................................... 65
Figure 25: (a) Water drops on a lotus leaf....................................................................................................... 66
Figure 26: A schematic of (a) water droplet on normal hydrophobic surface with contact angle greater than 90° and (b) water droplet on a superhydrophobic surface with a contact angle > 150°.......................... 67
Figure 27: Contact angle on superhydrophobic coated surface..................................................................... 68
Figure 28: Self-cleaning nanocellulose dishware............................................................................................ 69
Figure 29: SLIPS repellent coatings................................................................................................................ 71
Figure 30: Omniphobic coatings...................................................................................................................... 72
Figure 31: Graphair membrane coating.......................................................................................................... 75
Figure 32: Antimicrobial activity of Graphene oxide (GO).............................................................................. 77
Figure 33: Hydrophobic easy-to-clean coating................................................................................................ 82
Figure 34 Anti-bacterial mechanism of silver nanoparticle coating................................................................ 84
Figure 35: Mechanism of photocatalysis on a surface treated with TiO2 nanoparticles................................ 88
Figure 36: Schematic showing the self-cleaning phenomena on superhydrophilic surface.......................... 88
Figure 37: Titanium dioxide-coated glass (left) and ordinary glass (right)...................................................... 89
Figure 38: Self-Cleaning mechanism utilizing photooxidation....................................................................... 90
Figure 39: Schematic of photocatalytic air purifying pavement...................................................................... 91
Figure 40: Schematic of photocatalytic indoor air purification filter................................................................ 92
Figure 41: Schematic of photocatalytic water purification............................................................................... 93
Figure 42: Types of nanocellulose.................................................................................................................. 96
Figure 43. Mechanism of antimicrobial activity of carbon nanotubes............................................................. 98
Figure 44: Fullerene schematic....................................................................................................................... 99
Figure 45: Schematic of typical commercialization route for nanocoatings producer.................................. 104
Figure 46 Nanocoatings market by nanocoatings type, 2010-2030, USD................................................... 106
Figure 47: Market drivers and trends in antimicrobial and antiviral nanocoatings....................................... 109
Figure 48. Nano-coated self-cleaning touchscreen...................................................................................... 116
Figure 49: Revenues for antimicrobial and antiviral nanocoatings, 2010-2030, US$.................................. 118
Figure 50: Anti-fouling treatment for heat-exchangers.................................................................................. 123
Figure 51: Markets for anti-fouling and easy clean nanocoatings, by %...................................................... 124
Figure 52: Potential addressable market for anti-fouling and easy-to-clean nanocoatings by 2030........... 125
Figure 53: Revenues for anti-fouling and easy-to-clean nanocoatings 2010-2030, millions USD............... 127
Figure 54: Self-cleaning superhydrophobic coating schematic.................................................................... 132
Figure 55: Markets for self-cleaning nanocoatings, %, 2018........................................................................ 133
Figure 56: Potential addressable market for self-cleaning (bionic) nanocoatings by 2030.......................... 134
Figure 57: Revenues for self-cleaning nanocoatings, 2010-2030, US$....................................................... 136
Figure 58: Principle of superhydrophilicity.................................................................................................... 140
Figure 59: Schematic of photocatalytic air purifying pavement.................................................................... 141
Figure 60: Tokyo Station GranRoof. The titanium dioxide coating ensures long-lasting whiteness............ 142
Figure 61: Markets for self-cleaning (photocatalytic) nanocoatings 2019, %............................................... 142
Figure 62: Potential addressable market for self-cleaning (photocatalytic) nanocoatings by 2030............. 143
Figure 63: Revenues for self-cleaning (photocatalytic) nanocoatings, 2010-2030, US$............................. 145
Figure 64 Nanocoatings market by end user sector, 2010-2030, USD........................................................ 149
Figure 65: Mechanism of photocatalytic NOx oxidation on active concrete road......................................... 152
Figure 66: Jubilee Church in Rome, the outside coated with nano photocatalytic TiO2 coatings............... 152
Figure 67: FN® photocatalytic coating, applied in the Project of Ecological Sound Barrier, in Prague....... 153
Figure 68 Smart window film coatings based on indium tin oxide nanocrystals.......................................... 154
Figure 69: Nanocoatings in construction, architecture and exterior protection, by coatings type %, 2019. 155
Figure 70: Potential addressable market for nanocoatings in the construction, architecture and exterior coatings sector by 2030.......................................................................................................................... 155
Figure 71: Revenues for nanocoatings in construction, architecture and exterior protection, 2010-2030, US$.................................................................................................................................................................. 157
Figure 72: Nanocoatings in household care, sanitary and indoor air quality, by coatings type %, 2019..... 165
Figure 73: Potential addressable market for nanocoatings in household care, sanitary and indoor air filtration by 2030.................................................................................................................................................... 165
Figure 74: Revenues for nanocoatings in household care, sanitary and indoor air quality, 2010-2030, US$.................................................................................................................................................................. 167
Figure 75: Anti-bacterial sol-gel nanoparticle silver coating......................................................................... 173
Figure 76: Nanocoatings in medical and healthcare, by coatings type %, 2019.......................................... 175
Figure 77: Potential addressable market for nanocoatings in medical & healthcare by 2030..................... 176
Figure 78: Revenues for nanocoatings in medical and healthcare, 2010-2030, US$.................................. 177
Figure 79: Omniphobic-coated fabric............................................................................................................ 182
Figure 80: Nanocoatings in textiles and apparel, by coatings type %, 2019................................................ 188
Figure 81: Potential addressable market for nanocoatings in textiles and apparel by 2030........................ 188
Figure 82: Revenues for nanocoatings in textiles and apparel, 2010-2030, US$........................................ 190
Figure 83. Lab tests on DSP coatings........................................................................................................... 209
Figure 84. GrapheneCA anti-bacterial and anti-viral coating........................................................................ 215
Figure 85. Microlyte® Matrix bandage for surgical wounds.......................................................................... 221
Figure 86. NanoSeptic surfaces.................................................................................................................... 239
Figure 87. NascNanoTechnology personnel shown applying MEDICOAT to airport luggage carts............ 241
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