The Global Biochemicals Market 2026-2036

1             EXECUTIVE SUMMARY            25

• 1.1        Overview           25
• 1.2        Types   26
  • 1.2.1    Organic Acids 26
    • 1.2.1.1 Lactic Acid       26
    • 1.2.1.2 Citric Acid        27
    • 1.2.1.3 Succinic Acid 27
  • 1.2.2    Platform Chemicals  28
    • 1.2.2.1 1,4-Butanediol             28
    • 1.2.2.2 1,3-Propanediol           28
    • 1.2.2.3 Glycerol             29
  • 1.2.3    Alcohols            30
    • 1.2.3.1 Bioethanol       30
    • 1.2.3.2 Butanol              30
  • 1.2.4    Natural Products         31
    • 1.2.4.1 Terpenes            31
    • 1.2.4.2 Polyphenols    32
  • 1.2.5    Proteins/Enzymes       32
    • 1.2.5.1 Industrial Enzymes    32
    • 1.2.5.2 Therapeutic Proteins 33
  • 1.2.6    Specialty Chemicals 34
    • 1.2.6.1 Natural Dyes  34
    • 1.2.6.2 Biosurfactants              35
    • 1.2.6.3 Biopolymers   35

2             BIOMANUFACTURING             37

• 2.1        Microbial Fermentation           37
• 2.2        Mammalian Cell Culture        37
• 2.3        Plant Cell Culture        38
• 2.4        Insect Cell Culture     39
• 2.5        Transgenic Animals   39
• 2.6        Transgenic Plants        40
• 2.7        Technologies  40
  • 2.7.1    Upstream Processing               40
    • 2.7.1.1 Cell Culture     40
  • 2.7.2    Fermentation 43
    • 2.7.2.1 Overview           43
  • 2.7.3    Downstream Processing        47
    • 2.7.3.1 Purification      47
  • 2.7.4    Formulation    51
    • 2.7.4.1 Overview           51
  • 2.7.5    Bioprocess Development      53
    • 2.7.5.1 Scale-up            53
    • 2.7.5.2 Optimization  55
  • 2.7.6    Analytical Methods    59
    • 2.7.6.1 Quality Control             59
    • 2.7.6.2 Characterization          60
  • 2.7.7    Synthetic Biology Tools and Techniques      63
    • 2.7.7.1 DNA synthesis              63
    • 2.7.7.2 CRISPR-Cas9 systems            64
    • 2.7.7.3 Protein/enzyme engineering 65
    • 2.7.7.4 Computer-aided design          66
    • 2.7.7.5 Strain construction and optimization            67
    • 2.7.7.6 Robotics and automation      67
    • 2.7.7.7 Artificial intelligence and machine learning              68
  • 2.7.8    Alternative Feedstocks and Sustainability 69
    • 2.7.8.1 C1 feedstocks: Metabolic pathways               69
    • 2.7.8.2 C2 feedstocks               70
    • 2.7.8.3 Lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks              71
    • 2.7.8.4 Blue biotechnology feedstocks         72
    • 2.7.8.5 Routes for carbon capture in biotechnology             73
• 2.8        Scale of Production   74
  • 2.8.1    Laboratory Scale         74
    • 2.8.1.1 Overview           74
    • 2.8.1.2 Scale and Equipment               74
    • 2.8.1.3 Advantages     75
    • 2.8.1.4 Disadvantages             75
  • 2.8.2    Pilot Scale        76
    • 2.8.2.1 Overview           76
    • 2.8.2.2 Scale and Equipment               76
    • 2.8.2.3 Advantages     76
    • 2.8.2.4 Disadvantages             77
  • 2.8.3    Commercial Scale      77
    • 2.8.3.1 Overview           77
    • 2.8.3.2 Scale and Equipment               78
    • 2.8.3.3 Advantages     78
    • 2.8.3.4 Disadvantages             79
• 2.9        Mode of Operation     79
  • 2.9.1    Batch Production        79
    • 2.9.1.1 Overview           79
    • 2.9.1.2 Advantages     80
    • 2.9.1.3 Disadvantages             80
    • 2.9.1.4 Applications   81
  • 2.9.2    Fed-batch Production              81
    • 2.9.2.1 Overview           81
    • 2.9.2.2 Advantages     81
    • 2.9.2.3 Disadvantages             82
    • 2.9.2.4 Applications   82
  • 2.9.3    Continuous Production           83
    • 2.9.3.1 Overview           83
    • 2.9.3.2 Advantages     83
    • 2.9.3.3 Disadvantages             83
    • 2.9.3.4 Applications   83
    • 2.9.3.5 Key fermentation parameter comparison   84
  • 2.9.4    Cell factories for biomanufacturing 85
    • 2.9.4.1 Range of organisms  86
    • 2.9.4.2 Escherichia coli (E.coli)           87
    • 2.9.4.3 Corynebacterium glutamicum (C. glutamicum)     88
    • 2.9.4.4 Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) 89
    • 2.9.4.5 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae)  90
    • 2.9.4.6 Yarrowia lipolytica (Y. lipolytica)        91
    • 2.9.4.7 Non-model organisms            92
  • 2.9.5    Perfusion Culture        93
    • 2.9.5.1 Overview           93
    • 2.9.5.2 Advantages     93
    • 2.9.5.3 Disadvantages             94
    • 2.9.5.4 Applications   94
    • 2.9.5.5 Perfusion bioreactors               94
  • 2.9.6    Other Modes of Operation     95
    • 2.9.6.1 Immobilized Cell Culture       95
    • 2.9.6.2 Two-Stage Production              97
    • 2.9.6.3 Hybrid Systems            98
• 2.10     Host Organisms          99

3             TECHNOLOGY/MATERIALS ANALYSIS            101

• 3.1        Bio-based feedstocks              101
  • 3.1.1    Plant-based feedstocks          101
  • 3.1.2    Waste-based feedstocks       102
  • 3.1.3    Microbial and mineral-based feedstocks    103
• 3.2        Organic acids 105
  • 3.2.1    Lactic acid       105
    • 3.2.1.1 D-lactic acid   105
    • 3.2.1.2 L-lactic acid    105
  • 3.2.2    Succinic acid 105
  • 3.2.3    Itaconic acid  106
  • 3.2.4    Citric acid        107
  • 3.2.5    Acetic acid      108
• 3.3        Amino acids   109
  • 3.3.1    Glutamic acid                109
  • 3.3.2    Lysine 109
  • 3.3.3    Threonine         111
  • 3.3.4    Methionine      111
  • 3.3.5    Vitamins produced using biotechnology     112
    • 3.3.5.1 Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)            112
    • 3.3.5.2 Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin)      113
    • 3.3.5.3 Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)      114
    • 3.3.5.4 Vitamin B7 (Biotin)     114
    • 3.3.5.5 Vitamin B3 (Niacin / Nicotinic Acid) 115
    • 3.3.5.6 Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid / Folate)          116
• 3.4        Alcohols            117
  • 3.4.1    Ethanol              117
  • 3.4.2    Butanol              117
  • 3.4.3    Isobutanol       118
  • 3.4.4    Propanediol    119
• 3.5        Surfactants     120
  • 3.5.1    Biosurfactants (e.g., rhamnolipids, sophorolipids)              120
    • 3.5.1.1 Rhamnolipids 120
    • 3.5.1.2 Sophorolipids                121
    • 3.5.1.3 Mannosylerythritol lipids (MELs)      122
    • 3.5.1.4 Cellobiose lipids          123
    • 3.5.1.5 Designer glycolipids and lipopeptides via synthetic biology           124
  • 3.5.2    Alkyl polyglucosides (APGs) 125
• 3.6        Solvents            127
  • 3.6.1    Ethyl lactate    127
  • 3.6.2    Dimethyl carbonate   127
  • 3.6.3    Glycerol             128
• 3.7        Flavours and fragrances         129
  • 3.7.1    Vanillin               129
  • 3.7.2    Nootkatone     130
  • 3.7.3    Limonene         131
  • 3.7.4    Bio-manufactured fragrances and aromatics          132
  • 3.7.5    Biotech-derived fragrance precursors           133
  • 3.7.6    Ambroxan        134
  • 3.7.7    Flavour enhancers      135
  • 3.7.8    Disodium Inosinate (IMP)      136
  • 3.7.9    Disodium Guanylate (GMP)  136
  • 3.7.10 Monatin             137
• 3.8        Bio-based monomers and intermediates    138
  • 3.8.1    Succinic acid 138
  • 3.8.2    1,4-Butanediol (BDO)              139
  • 3.8.3    Isoprene            140
  • 3.8.4    Ethylene            140
  • 3.8.5    Propylene         141
  • 3.8.6    Adipic acid      142
  • 3.8.7    Acrylic acid     142
  • 3.8.8    Sebacic acid  143
• 3.9        Bio-based polymers  144
  • 3.9.1    Polybutylene succinate (PBS)             144
  • 3.9.2    Polyamides (nylons)  145
  • 3.9.3    Polyethylene furanoate (PEF)              145
  • 3.9.4    Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT)            147
  • 3.9.5    Polyethylene isosorbide terephthalate (PEIT)           149
• 3.10     Bio-based composites and blends  151
  • 3.10.1 Wood-plastic composites (WPCs)  151
  • 3.10.2 Biofiller-reinforced plastics  152
  • 3.10.3 Biofiber-reinforced plastics  153
  • 3.10.4 Polymer blends with bio-based components           154
• 3.11     Beauty and Personal Care Chemicals           156
  • 3.11.1 Hyaluronic acid production  156
  • 3.11.2 Squalene and Squalane alternatives              157
  • 3.11.3 Collagen           158
  • 3.11.4 Bio-based UV filters and photoprotective compounds      159
  • 3.11.5 Melanin             160
  • 3.11.6 Emollients       161
• 3.12     Waste 162
  • 3.12.1 Food waste      163
  • 3.12.2 Agricultural waste       163
  • 3.12.3 Forestry waste               164
  • 3.12.4 Aquaculture/fishing waste    164
  • 3.12.5 Municipal solid waste              165
  • 3.12.6 Industrial waste           165
  • 3.12.7 Waste oils        166
• 3.13     Microbial and Mineral Sources           166
  • 3.13.1 Microalgae      166
  • 3.13.2 Macroalgae     167
  • 3.13.3 Cyanobacteria              168
  • 3.13.4 Mineral sources            168
• 3.14     Other Bio-manufactured Products  169
  • 3.14.1 Cement alternatives from biomanufacturing           169
  • 3.14.2 Precision fermentation products      170

4             MARKET ANALYSIS      171

• 4.1        Key players and competitive landscape      172
  • 4.1.1    Company landscape in specialty chemicals biotechnology          172
  • 4.1.2    Bio-manufactured beauty ingredient production capacities          173
• 4.2        Market Growth Drivers and Trends   174
  • 4.2.1    Trends and drivers in biotechnology               175
  • 4.2.2    Government support of biotechnology         176
  • 4.2.3    Carbon taxes  177
• 4.3        Regulations     178
• 4.4        Value chain     179
  • 4.4.1    Economic viability factors     179
  • 4.4.2    Effect of feedstock prices      180
  • 4.4.3    Scale-up effects on cost        181
• 4.5        Future outlook              182
• 4.6        Technology Readiness Level (TRL)   184
• 4.7        Addressable Market Size        185
• 4.8        Risks and Opportunities         186
• 4.9        Major market challenges        187
• 4.10     Technical challenges 188
• 4.11     Global revenues           189
  • 4.11.1 By type                189
  • 4.11.2 By application market              190
  • 4.11.3 By regional market      191

5             COMPANY PROFILES                193 (245 company profiles)

6             REFERENCES 372

List of Tables

• Table 1. Types of biochemicals.        25
• Table 2. Types of Cell Culture Systems.       41
• Table 3. Factors Affecting Cell Culture Performance.         42
• Table 4. Types of Fermentation Processes. 43
• Table 5. Factors Affecting Fermentation Performance.      43
• Table 6. Advances in Fermentation Technology.     44
• Table 7. Continuous vs Batch Biomanufacturing Comparison.   46
• Table 8. Types of Purification Methods in Downstream Processing.          47
• Table 9. Factors Affecting Purification Performance.           47
• Table 10. Advances in Purification Technology.       48
• Table 11. Downstream Processing Technology Improvements.    50
• Table 12. TFF Applications in Downstream Processing.    50
• Table 13. Common formulation methods used in biomanufacturing.     51
• Table 14. Factors Affecting Formulation Performance.      51
• Table 15. Advances in Formulation Technology.     52
• Table 16. Factors Affecting Scale-up Performance in Biomanufacturing.             53
• Table 17. Scale-up Strategies in Biomanufacturing.            54
• Table 18. Factors Affecting Optimization Performance in Biomanufacturing.    55
• Table 19. Optimization Strategies in Biomanufacturing.   56
• Table 20. Machine Learning Applications in Biomanufacturing   57
• Table 21. High-Cell-Density Fermentation Parameters and Targets.         58
• Table 22. Hybrid Biotechnological-Chemical Process Applications.        59
• Table 23. Types of Quality Control Tests in Biomanufacturing.     59
• Table 24.Factors Affecting Quality Control Performance in Biomanufacturing  60
• Table 25. Types of Characterization Methods in Biomanufacturing.         61
• Table 26. Factors Affecting Characterization Performance in Biomanufacturing             62
• Table 27. DNA Synthesis Technologies and Capabilities. 64
• Table 28. CRISPR-Cas9 Applications in Biomanufacturing.           64
• Table 29. Protein Engineering Strategies and Applications.             65
• Table 30. Computer-Aided Design Tools in Biotechnology.              66
• Table 31. Strain Engineering Strategies and Targets.            67
• Table 32. Automation Applications in Biotechnology.         68
• Table 33. AI/ML Applications in Biomanufacturing Systems.         69
• Table 34. C1 Feedstock Utilization Pathways and Characteristics.            70
• Table 35. C2 Feedstock Processing and Applications.       71
• Table 36. Lignocellulosic Biomass Processing Technologies.        72
• Table 37. Blue Biotechnology Feedstock Characteristics and Applications.       73
• Table 38. Carbon Capture and Utilization Pathways in Biotechnology.   74
• Table 39. Key fermentation parameters in batch vs continuous biomanufacturing processes.              80
• Table 40. Key fermentation parameter comparison             84
• Table 41.  Major microbial cell factories used in industrial biomanufacturing.  85
• Table 42. Organism Categories and Production Capabilities.       87
• Table 43. E. coli Characteristics for Biomanufacturing Applications.      88
• Table 44. C. glutamicum Production Capabilities and Characteristics.  89
• Table 45. B. subtilis Production Systems and Applications.           90
• Table 46. S. cerevisiae Capabilities and Industrial Applications. 91
• Table 47. Y. lipolytica Production Capabilities and Process Parameters.               92
• Table 48. Non-Model Organisms and Specialized Applications. 93
• Table 49. Perfusion Bioreactor Technologies and Performance.  95
• Table 50. Enzyme Immobilization Methods and Characteristics. 96
• Table 51. Immobilized Catalyst Systems and Applications.            97
• Table 52. Comparison of Modes of Operation.        98
• Table 53. Host organisms commonly used in biomanufacturing.               99
• Table 54. Plant-based feedstocks and biochemicals produced. 101
• Table 55. Waste-based feedstocks and biochemicals produced.               102
• Table 56. Microbial and mineral-based feedstocks and biochemicals produced.            103
• Table 57. Biobased feedstock sources for Succinic acid. 106
• Table 58. Applications of succinic acid.       106
• Table 59. Biobased feedstock sources for itaconic acid.  107
• Table 60. Applications of bio-based itaconic acid.               107
• Table 61. Feedstock Sources for Citric Acid Production.  107
• Table 62. Applications of Citric Acid.              108
• Table 63. Feedstock Sources for Acetic Acid Production. 108
• Table 64. Applications of Acetic Acid.            108
• Table 65. Feedstock Sources for Acetic Acid Production. 109
• Table 66. Applications of Acetic Acid.            109
• Table 67. Common lysine sources that can be used as feedstocks for producing biochemicals.         110
• Table 68. Applications of  lysine as a feedstock for biochemicals.             110
• Table 69. Feedstock Sources for Threonine Production.   111
• Table 70. Applications of Threonine.              111
• Table 71.Feedstock Sources for Methionine Production. 111
• Table 72. Applications of Methionine.           111
• Table 73. Vitamins Produced Using Biotechnology.             112
• Table 74. Biobased feedstock sources for ethanol.              117
• Table 75. Applications of bio-based ethanol.           117
• Table 76. Feedstock Sources for Butanol Production.        118
• Table 77. Applications of Butanol.   118
• Table 78. Biobased feedstock sources for isobutanol.       118
• Table 79. Applications of bio-based isobutanol.    119
• Table 80. Applications of bio-based 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PDO). 119
• Table 81. Types of Biosurfactants.   120
• Table 82. Feedstock Sources for Biosurfactant Production            120
• Table 83. Applications of Biosurfactants     120
• Table 84. Rhamnolipid Production and Application Characteristics.       121
• Table 85. Sophorolipid Types and Application Properties.               122
• Table 86. Mannosylerythritol Lipid Variants and Properties.           123
• Table 87. Cellobiose Lipid Development and Applications.            124
• Table 88. Designer Biosurfactant Engineering Strategies  125
• Table 89.Feedstock Sources for APG Production   126
• Table 90. Applications of Alkyl Polyglucosides (APGs)        126
• Table 91. Feedstock Sources for Ethyl Lactate Production.            127
• Table 92. Applications of Ethyl Lactate.        127
• Table 93. Feedstock Sources for Dimethyl Carbonate Production             127
• Table 94. Applications of Dimethyl Carbonate         128
• Table 95. Markets and applications for bio-based glycerol.            128
• Table 96. Bio-manufactured Fragrances and Aromatics.  132
• Table 97. Biotech-derived Fragrance Precursors.   134
• Table 98. Bio-manufactured Enhancers.     135
• Table 99.Feedstock Sources for Succinic Acid Production              138
• Table 100. Applications of Succinic Acid.   139
• Table 101. Applications of bio-based 1,4-Butanediol (BDO).        139
• Table 102. Feedstock Sources for Isoprene Production.   140
• Table 103. Applications of Isoprene.              140
• Table 104. Applications of bio-based ethylene.       141
• Table 105. Applications of bio-based propylene.   141
• Table 106. Applications of bio-based adipic acid. 142
• Table 107. Applications of bio-based acrylic acid.                143
• Table 108. Bio-PBS market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.      144
• Table 109. Leading PBS producers and production capacities.   144
• Table 110. Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.  146
• Table 111. FDCA and PEF producers.            147
• Table 112. Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) market analysis-manufacture, advantages, disadvantages and applications.     148
• Table 113. Production capacities of Polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), by leading producers.       148
• Table 114. Types of Wood-Plastic Composites (WPCs).    151
• Table 115. Types of Biofiber-Reinforced Plastics.  153
• Table 116. Types of Polymer Blends with Bio-based Components.           154
• Table 117. Hyaluronic Acid Production Parameters and Applications     156
• Table 118. Squalene/Squalane Production Methods and Characteristics.           157
• Table 119. Collagen Production Systems and Applications.          158
• Table 120. Bio-based UV Filter Compounds and Characteristics.              160
• Table 121. Melanin Production and Application Parameters.        161
• Table 122. Bio-manufactured Emollient Categories and Properties.         162
• Table 123. Mineral source products and applications.       169
• Table 124. Cement Alternatives from Biomanufacturing. 170
• Table 125. Precision Fermentation Products.           171
• Table 126. Key players in Biochemicals.      172
• Table 127. Bio-manufactured Beauty Ingredient Production Capacities                174
• Table 128. Market Growth Drivers and Trends in Biochemicals.  175
• Table 129. Trends and Drivers in Biotechnology.    175
• Table 130. Government Support of Biotechnology.              177
• Table 131. Biochemicals Regulations.          178
• Table 132. Value chain: Biochemicals.         179
• Table 133. Economic Viability Assessment Framework.   180
• Table 134. Feedstock Price Impact Analysis for Biotechnology Production.        181
• Table 135. Scale-up Cost Impact Analysis.               182
• Table 136. Risks and Opportunities in Biochemicals.         186
• Table 137. Market Challenge Assessment and Mitigation Strategies.       188
• Table 138. Technical Challenge Assessment and Solutions.         189
• Table 139. Global revenues for biochemicals, by type (2020-2036), billions USD.          190
• Table 140. Global revenues for biochemicals, by applications market (2020-2036), billions USD.       190
• Table 141. Global revenues for biochemicals, by regional market (2020-2036), billions USD. 191

List of Figures

• Figure 1. Schematic of biorefinery processes.         104
• Figure 2. Production capacities of Polyethylene furanoate (PEF) to 2025.            147
• Figure 3. Technology Readiness Level (TRL): Biochemicals.           185
• Figure 4. Jelly-like seaweed-based nanocellulose hydrogel.          199
• Figure 5. Algiknit yarn.              202
• Figure 6. BIOLO e-commerce mailer bag made from PHA.              222
• Figure 7. formicobio™ technology.    242
• Figure 8. Domsjö process.    256
• Figure 9. Mushroom leather. 259
• Figure 10.  TMP-Bio Process.               274
• Figure 11. Lignin gel. 306
• Figure 12. BioFlex process.   310
• Figure 13. LX Process.              313
• Figure 14. TransLeather.          315
• Figure 15. METNIN™ Lignin refining technology.      319
• Figure 16. Enfinity cellulosic ethanol technology process.              340
• Figure 17.  Precision Photosynthesis™ technology.               342
• Figure 18. Fabric consisting of 70 per cent wool and 30 per cent Qmilk.               344
• Figure 19. Corbion FDCA production process.        361
• Figure 20. UPM biorefinery process.               365
• Figure 21. The Proesa® Process.        366
• Figure 22. Goldilocks process and applications.   368

The report includes these components:

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• Mid-year Update

The Global Biochemicals Market 2026-2036

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The Global Biochemicals Market 2026-2036

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