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The Global Graphene Market 2026-2036

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  • Published: October 2025
  • Pages: 555
  • Tables: 158
  • Figures: 51

 

The global graphene market has reached a critical inflection point in 2025, transitioning from a predominantly research-focused sector to a commercially viable industry with established production capabilities and expanding application portfolios.  Investment activity in 2025 demonstrates growing confidence in graphene commercialization, with over $185 million in disclosed funding through October 2025.

Paragraf led 2025 funding rounds with a substantial $55 million Series C investment, supporting the company's expansion of wafer-scale graphene electronics manufacturing for semiconductor and sensor applications. This represents the largest single funding round for a graphene company in 2025 and validates the commercial potential of graphene-based electronics. CamGraPhIC, a Cambridge University spinout, secured €25 million ($27 million) in funding for its graphene-based integrated circuits, demonstrating strong European investor interest in next-generation electronics applications. The investment supports the company's transition from research prototypes to commercial production of graphene photonic integrated circuits for optical communications. Elemental Advanced Materials raised $20 million in 2024-2025, led by climate technology investor Taranis, to scale its patented single-step manufacturing process converting hydrocarbon waste into high-performance graphene and clean hydrogen simultaneously. Black Swan Graphene completed C$6 million (~$4.4 million) equity financing in February 2025, supporting global commercialization and capacity expansion of its proprietary sustainable graphene production technology using renewable feedstocks.

The convergence of maturing technology, expanding commercial applications, and sustained investment—with cumulative documented funding exceeding $1.2 billion across the sector—positions graphene for accelerated market penetration through 2025 and beyond, particularly in high-value applications where its unique properties justify premium pricing.

The Global Graphene Market 2026-2036 provides comprehensive intelligence on one of the most transformative materials of the 21st century, offering strategic insights for investors, manufacturers, technology developers, and end-users navigating the rapidly evolving graphene industry. This 550+ page report examines graphene's transition from laboratory curiosity to commercially viable material, with detailed forecasts projecting market expansion from current production levels to multi-billion-dollar valuations by 2036.

The report addresses a critical inflection point as the graphene industry scales from pilot facilities to industrial volumes, manufacturing costs decline through process optimization and economies of scale, and major corporations increasingly integrate graphene into commercial products. With profiles of >380 companies and extensive market data spanning 25+ application sectors, this report serves as the definitive resource for understanding graphene's commercial landscape through the next decade.

Market analysis reveals graphene's expanding footprint across energy storage (lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-air batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, solar cells, hydrogen storage), electronics (transistors, semiconductors, flexible electronics, memory devices, conductive inks), advanced materials (composites, plastics, construction materials, 3D printing), functional coatings (paints, anti-corrosion, thermal management, EMI shielding), specialized applications (membranes, filtration, textiles, wearables, rubber, adhesives, lubricants), and emerging opportunities in biomedicine, sensors, and optoelectronics. Each sector receives detailed quantification of market size, identifying high-growth segments where graphene's exceptional properties—including superior electrical conductivity (200× copper), mechanical strength (100× steel), thermal performance (10× copper), and atomically thin structure—deliver compelling value propositions.

Comprehensive technology readiness level (TRL) assessments track 50+ distinct applications from early research (TRL 3-4) through pilot production (TRL 6-7) to commercial deployment (TRL 8-9), providing realistic market entry timelines. Detailed roadmaps extending to 2036 outline technology milestones, manufacturing scale-up trajectories, performance improvements, and commercial deployment schedules for each application sector, enabling readers to distinguish near-term opportunities from longer-term potential.

The investment landscape receives extensive analysis, examining over $1.2 billion in cumulative graphene sector funding. The report profiles venture capital trends, government support programs (including the €1 billion European Graphene Flagship, substantial Chinese provincial initiatives, and U.S. DOE funding), and strategic corporate partnerships driving commercialization. 

Production capacity analysis examines global manufacturing infrastructure, with detailed profiles of major producers in Asia (China, Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia), North America (USA, Canada), Europe (UK, Germany, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Poland), and emerging regions. The report quantifies production capacities by graphene type (CVD graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene nanoplatelets, pristine graphene, functionalized graphene, quantum dots, nanoribbons, 3D foams, liquid crystals, hybrid materials) and tracks capacity expansions through 2036.

Pricing analysis provides granular data across all graphene forms, from premium CVD films to commodity nanoplatelets ($50-$500/kg), analyzing price trends, cost reduction trajectories, and factors influencing pricing including purity, layer count, production method, and application requirements. Historical pricing data (2018-2025) combined with forecasts enable readers to model cost-performance tradeoffs and identify price-sensitive versus premium market segments.

Report contents include: 

  • Advanced Carbon Materials Overview – Comprehensive taxonomy of graphene, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, carbon black, activated carbon, and related materials
  • Graphene and 2D Materials Fundamentals – Structure, properties, discovery history, and comparison with other 2D materials (h-BN, MoS₂, phosphorene)
  • Graphene Types Deep Dive – Detailed technical profiles of 11 graphene variants:
    • Graphene Oxide (GO): Production methods, properties, applications in composites, coatings, and energy
    • Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs): Specifications, dispersion techniques, commercial uses in batteries and polymers
    • Pristine Graphene: Defect-free material, electronic applications, production challenges
    • CVD Graphene: Wafer-scale production, electronics integration, quality metrics
    • Graphene Quantum Dots: Synthesis approaches, optical properties, biomedical and display applications
    • Functionalized Graphene: Chemical modification strategies, enhanced dispersibility, targeted applications
    • Graphene Nanoribbons: Edge configurations, bandgap engineering, semiconductor applications
    • Reduced Graphene Oxide: Reduction methodologies, restored properties, cost-effective alternative
    • 3D Graphene Foams/Sponges: Synthesis techniques, applications in energy storage and catalysis
    • Graphene Liquid Crystals: Formation mechanisms, alignment properties, advanced manufacturing
    • Hybrid Graphene: Metal-graphene, polymer-graphene, and multi-material composites
  • Market State 2025 – Current production volumes, pricing landscape, commercial maturity assessment
  • Global Production Analysis – 2018-2036 forecasts by graphene type and end-user market (tons)
  • Cost Economics – Production cost structures, manufacturing efficiency improvements, economies of scale
  • Funding and Investment 
    • Government Funding Initiatives 
    • Major Funding Rounds 2024-2025
    • Historical Funding Analysis 2020-2024 
    • Publicly Listed Companies 
    • Commercial Partnerships
  • Commercial Products
    • Product Catalog – 100+ commercial products incorporating graphene across consumer electronics, automotive, sports equipment, textiles, construction
    • Production Capacities 2025 – Major producer profiles with annual capacity data (tons/year), production technologies, target markets, regional distribution across 25+ countries
  • Pricing Analysis 
    • Pricing Factors – Purity, layer count, lateral size, defect density, production method, volume, application requirements
    • CVD Graphene Films 
    • Pristine Graphene Flakes 
    • Few-Layer Graphene 
    • Graphene Nanoplatelets 
    • Graphene Oxide/rGO 
    • 2025 Pricing Landscape – Comprehensive comparison table, supplier pricing database, 2018-2025 historical trends, 2026-2036 forecasts
  • Markets and Applications 
    • Energy Storage & Energy Generation 
      • Lithium-Ion Batteries 
      • Lithium-Sulfur Batteries 
      • Sodium-Air Batteries 
      • Supercapacitors
      • Fuel Cells 
      • Solar Cells 
      • Hydrogen Storage
    • Composites & Plastics 
    • Automotive composites
    • Optoelectronics & Sensors 
      • Photodetectors 
      • Transparent Conductive Films 
      • Biosensors 
      • Gas Sensors 
      • Optical Communications 
    • Electronics 
      • Transistors & Semiconductors 
      • Flexible Electronics 
      • Memory Devices 
      • Conductive Inks 
    • Membranes & Filtration 
    • 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing 
    • Construction Materials 
    • Life Science & Bio-Medicine 
    • Paints and Coatings
    • Additional Applications: Adhesives, sealants, lubricants (friction reduction, enhanced bonding); Thermal management (heat spreaders, thermal interface materials, electronics cooling); EMI shielding (electronics, aerospace, automotive); Textiles and wearables (smart clothing, wearable sensors, thermal regulation); Rubber and synthetics (tire reinforcement, automotive components)
 

 

Each application section includes:

  • Technical gain versus competing materials (comprehensive comparison tables)
  • Competing materials assessment (silicon, metals, carbon nanotubes, conductive polymers, ceramics)
  • Applications and Technology Readiness Levels (TRL) with specific use cases and commercial status
  • Technology roadmaps (2018-2036) with milestone timelines
  • Market opportunities (addressable markets, growth drivers, barriers, mitigation strategies)
  • SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats)
  • Market players (company profiles, products, partnerships, commercial status)
  • Market size forecasts (volumes in tons and revenues in USD, 2018-2036)

 

The report profiles over 380 graphene producers and product developers including 2DM, Abalonyx, Advanced Material Development, Aixtron, Alpha Assembly Solutions, American Boronite Corporation, Applied Graphene Materials, Applied Nanolayers, Archer Materials, Argo Graphene Solutions, Atomic Mechanics, Avadain Graphene, Avanzare, Aztrong, BeDimensional, BESTGRAPHENE, Bio Graphene Solutions, Black Semiconductor, Black Swan Graphene, BNNano, BNNT Technology Limited, C's Techno, Ceylon Graphene Technologies, Charmgraphene, Cnano, CNM Technologies, Colloids, Directa Plus, Elemental Advanced Materials, Emtel Energy, Epic Advanced Materials, First Graphene, G6 Materials, Garmor, General Graphene Corp, Gerdau Graphene, Global Graphene Group (G3), GNext, Grapheal, Graphenano Group, Graphene Composites (GC), Graphene Manufacturing Group (GMG), Graphenea, GrapheneCA, GrapheneLab Co, GrapheneUp, Graphmatech, Grolltex, Haike, Haydale, Hubron, HydroGraph, INBRAIN Neuroelectronics, Incubation Alliance, Integrated Graphene, KB Element, Knano, Laminar, LayerLogic, LayerOne, Leadernano, Levidian, Lyten, MITO Material Solutions, Molymem, NanoCrete, NanoXplore, Nanum Nanotechnology, NASA Glenn Research Center, NematiQ, Nemo Nanomaterials, NeoGraf, Ningbo Morsh, Nova Graphene, Paragraf, Perpetuus Advanced Materials, Qingdao SCF Nanotech, Qurv, Raymor Industries, Real Graphene, SEEDS, Sixonia, Skeleton Technologies, Smart High Tech, Standard Graphene, Super C Technologies, SuperC, Talga Resources, The Graphene Corporation, The Sixth Element, Thomas Swan, Toraphene, True 2 Materials, Tungshu (Dongxu Optoelectronic Technology), Turquoise Group, Universal Matter, Versarien, Vorbeck, Watercycle Technologies, William Blythe, XG Sciences, Xiamen Knano and many more.....

 

 

 

 

 

1             INTRODUCTION          

  • 1.1        Advanced Carbon Materials 25
  • 1.2        Graphene and Other 2D materials   27
  • 1.3        Types of Graphene     27
    • 1.3.1    Graphene Oxide (GO)               29
      • 1.3.1.1 Applications   29
    • 1.3.2    Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs)      30
      • 1.3.2.1 Applications   30
    • 1.3.3    Pristine Graphene       31
      • 1.3.3.1 Applications   31
    • 1.3.4    CVD Graphene              32
      • 1.3.4.1 Applications   33
    • 1.3.5    Graphene Quantum Dots      34
      • 1.3.5.1 Production Methods 35
      • 1.3.5.2 Applications   35
    • 1.3.6    Functionalized Graphene      36
      • 1.3.6.1 Types of Functionalization    36
      • 1.3.6.2 Applications   37
    • 1.3.7    Graphene Nanoribbons          38
      • 1.3.7.1 Edge Configurations 38
      • 1.3.7.2 Production Methods 39
      • 1.3.7.3 Applications   39
    • 1.3.8    Reduced Graphene Oxide     40
      • 1.3.8.1 Reduction Methods   40
      • 1.3.8.2 Applications   42
    • 1.3.9    3D Graphene Foams/Sponges           43
      • 1.3.9.1 Synthesis Approaches             43
      • 1.3.9.2 Applications   44
    • 1.3.10 Graphene Liquid Crystals      46
      • 1.3.10.1            Formation Mechanisms         46
      • 1.3.10.2            Applications   46
    • 1.3.11 Hybrid Graphene         48
      • 1.3.11.1            Applications   49
  • 1.4        The Graphene Market in 2025             51
  • 1.5        Global Graphene Production (Tons)               52
    • 1.5.1    By Type of Graphene 52
    • 1.5.2    By End User Market    54
  • 1.6        Cost of Production     57

 

2             GRAPHENE FUNDING AND INVESTMENT  

  • 2.1        Government Funding                59
    • 2.1.1    Major Government Initiatives              59
    • 2.1.2    Government Funding Trends and Impact    60
  • 2.2        VC and Company Investment             60
    • 2.2.1    Major Funding Rounds 2024-2025  60
    • 2.2.2    Historical Funding Activity 2020-2024          61
  • 2.3        Publicly Listed Graphene Companies           66
    • 2.3.1    Major Publicly Listed Companies     66
    • 2.3.2    Public Market Considerations            68
  • 2.4        Commercial Partnerships and Licence Agreements            69
    • 2.4.1    Partnership Models   69
    • 2.4.3 Technology Licensing               69
    • 2.4.3 Supply and Distribution Agreements             70
    • 2.4.4 Strategic Corporate Partnerships     70
    • 2.4.5 Notable Commercial Partnerships  70

 

3             GRAPHENE PRODUCTS          

  • 3.1        Commercial Products              79
  • 3.2        Commercial Production Capacities               84
    • 3.2.1    Production Capacity Considerations             84
    • 3.2.2    Regional Production Overview           85
    • 3.2.3    Production Technology Distribution               87

 

4             GRAPHENE PRICING                

  • 4.1        Overview           89
  • 4.2        Pricing factors               89
  • 4.3        Pristine Graphene Flakes / CVD Graphene 90
    • 4.3.1    CVD Graphene Films 90
  • 4.4        Pristine Graphene Flakes (Non-CVD)            91
  • 4.5        Few-Layer Graphene 92
  • 4.6        Graphene Nanoplatelets        93
    • 4.6.1    Pricing Factors and Trends    94
  • 4.7        Graphene Oxide (GO) and Reduced Graphene Oxide (rGO)           95
    • 4.7.1    Price Ranges by Product Form (2025)           95
    • 4.7.2    Market Dynamics and Pricing Trends             97
  • 4.8        Graphene Pricing Landscape 2025 99

 

5             MARKETS AND APPLICATIONS           

  • 5.1        Energy Storage & Energy Generation               100
    • 5.1.1    Lithium-Ion Batteries                100
      • 5.1.1.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             100
        • 5.1.1.1.1           Competing Materials Assessment  101
      • 5.1.1.2 Applications and TRL                102
      • 5.1.1.3 Market Opportunities for Graphene in Li-Ion Batteries       106
      • 5.1.1.4 Market Players in Graphene Li-Ion Batteries              108
    • 5.1.2    Lithium-Sulfur Batteries          110
      • 5.1.2.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             110
      • 5.1.2.2 Applications and TRL                111
      • 5.1.2.3 Roadmap         112
      • 5.1.2.4 Market Opportunities               113
      • 5.1.2.5 Market Players               114
    • 5.1.3    Sodium-Air Batteries 114
      • 5.1.3.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             114
      • 5.1.3.2 Applications and TRL                115
      • 5.1.3.3 Roadmap         116
      • 5.1.3.4 Market Opportunities               116
      • 5.1.3.5 Market Players               117
    • 5.1.4    Supercapacitors          118
      • 5.1.4.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             118
      • 5.1.4.2 Applications and TRL                119
      • 5.1.4.3 Roadmap         121
      • 5.1.4.4 Market Opportunities               123
    • 5.1.5    Fuel Cells         124
      • 5.1.5.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             124
      • 5.1.5.2 Applications and TRL                126
      • 5.1.5.3 Roadmap         129
      • 5.1.5.4 Market Opportunities               131
    • 5.1.6    Solar Cells       133
      • 5.1.6.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             133
      • 5.1.6.2 Applications and TRL                134
      • 5.1.6.3 Roadmap         136
      • 5.1.6.4 Market Opportunities               137
      • 5.1.6.5 Market Players               139
    • 5.1.7    Hydrogen Storage       139
      • 5.1.7.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             139
      • 5.1.7.2 Applications and TRL                141
      • 5.1.7.3 Roadmap         142
      • 5.1.7.4 Market Opportunities               143
      • 5.1.7.5 Market Players               144
    • 5.1.8    Global Market Size     145
  • 5.2        Composites & Plastics            146
    • 5.2.1    Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             146
    • 5.2.2    Applications and TRL                147
      • 5.2.2.1 Automotive Composites        147
      • 5.2.2.2 Aerospace Composites          148
      • 5.2.2.3 Sports Equipment       149
      • 5.2.2.4 Marine Composites   149
      • 5.2.2.5 Thermoplastic Composites 150
      • 5.2.2.6 Thermoset Composites          150
      • 5.2.2.7 Fiber-Reinforced Plastics      151
    • 5.2.3    Conductive Plastics  152
    • 5.2.4    Roadmap         152
    • 5.2.5    Market Opportunities               153
    • 5.2.6    Global Market Size     154
    • 5.2.7    Market Players               154
    • 5.2.8    Global Market Size     156
  • 5.3        Optoelectronics & Sensors  157
    • 5.3.1    Photodetectors             157
      • 5.3.1.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             157
      • 5.3.1.2 Applications and TRL                158
      • 5.3.1.3 Roadmap         159
      • 5.3.1.4 Market Opportunities               160
      • 5.3.1.5 Market Players               160
    • 5.3.2    Transparent Conductive Films           161
      • 5.3.2.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             161
      • 5.3.2.2 Applications and TRL                162
      • 5.3.2.3 Roadmap         163
      • 5.3.2.4 Market Opportunities               163
      • 5.3.2.5 Market Players               164
    • 5.3.3    Biosensors      164
      • 5.3.3.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             164
      • 5.3.3.2 Applications and TRL                165
      • 5.3.3.3 Roadmap         166
      • 5.3.3.4 Market Opportunities               167
      • 5.3.3.5 Market Players               167
    • 5.3.4    Gas Sensors   168
      • 5.3.4.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             168
      • 5.3.4.2 Applications and TRL                169
      • 5.3.4.3 Roadmap         170
      • 5.3.4.4 Market Opportunities               170
      • 5.3.4.5 Market Players               171
    • 5.3.5    Optical Communications      171
      • 5.3.5.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             171
      • 5.3.5.2 Applications and TRL                173
      • 5.3.5.3 Roadmap         173
      • 5.3.5.4 Market Opportunities               174
      • 5.3.5.5 Market Players               174
    • 5.3.6    Global Market Size     175
  • 5.4        Electronics      176
    • 5.4.1    Transistors and Semiconductors      176
      • 5.4.1.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             176
        • 5.4.1.1.1           Competing Materials Assessment  178
      • 5.4.1.2 Applications and TRL                179
      • 5.4.1.3 Roadmap         181
      • 5.4.1.4 Market Opportunities               183
      • 5.4.1.5 Market Players               184
    • 5.4.2    Flexible Electronics    188
      • 5.4.2.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             188
        • 5.4.2.1.1           Competing Materials Assessment: 190
      • 5.4.2.2 Applications and TRL                191
      • 5.4.2.3 Roadmap         193
      • 5.4.2.4 Market Opportunities               195
      • 5.4.2.5 Market Players               196
    • 5.4.3    Memory Devices          200
      • 5.4.3.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             200
        • 5.4.3.1.1           Competing Materials Assessment  202
      • 5.4.3.2 Applications and TRL                202
      • 5.4.3.3 Roadmap         205
      • 5.4.3.4 Market Opportunities               206
      • 5.4.3.5 Market Players               207
    • 5.4.4    Conductive Inks           209
      • 5.4.4.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             209
        • 5.4.4.1.1           Competing Materials Assessment  212
      • 5.4.4.2 Applications and TRL                212
      • 5.4.4.3 Roadmap         215
      • 5.4.4.4 Market Opportunities               217
      • 5.4.4.5 Market Players               219
    • 5.4.5    Global Market Size     221
  • 5.5        Membranes & Filtration           223
    • 5.5.1    Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             223
      • 5.5.1.1.1           Competing Materials Assessment  226
    • 5.5.2    Applications and TRL                227
      • 5.5.2.1 Water Desalination    227
      • 5.5.2.2 Water Purification       227
      • 5.5.2.3 Gas Separation             228
      • 5.5.2.4 Oil-Water Separation 228
      • 5.5.2.5 Air Filtration    229
      • 5.5.2.6 Virus and Bacteria Filtration 229
      • 5.5.2.7 Industrial Process Filtration 230
    • 5.5.3    Roadmap         230
    • 5.5.4    Market Opportunities               231
    • 5.5.5    Market Players               233
    • 5.5.6    Global Market Size     235
  • 5.6        3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing 236
    • 5.6.1    Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             236
      • 5.6.1.1.1           Competing Materials Assessment  239
    • 5.6.2    Applications and TRL                240
      • 5.6.2.1 Filament Materials     240
      • 5.6.2.2 Resin Systems              240
      • 5.6.2.3 Metal Printing 241
      • 5.6.2.4 Conductive Inks           241
      • 5.6.2.5 Bioprinting       242
      • 5.6.2.6 Aerospace Components        242
      • 5.6.2.7 Automotive Parts         242
      • 5.6.2.8 Electronic Components         243
    • 5.6.3    Roadmap         244
    • 5.6.4    Market Opportunities               245
    • 5.6.5    Market Players               247
    • 5.6.6    Global Market Size     249
  • 5.7        Construction Materials           251
    • 5.7.1    Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             251
    • 5.7.2    Applications and TRL                251
      • 5.7.2.1 Concrete Enhancement         252
      • 5.7.2.2 Asphalt Modification 253
      • 5.7.2.3 Smart Building Materials        254
      • 5.7.2.4 3D Printing Construction       255
      • 5.7.2.5 Protective Coatings   256
      • 5.7.2.6 Thermal Management             258
      • 5.7.2.7 Structural Monitoring               259
    • 5.7.3    Roadmap         261
    • 5.7.4    Market Opportunities               261
    • 5.7.5    Global Market Revenues        262
    • 5.7.6    SWOT Analysis             262
    • 5.7.7    Market Players               263
    • 5.7.8    Global Market Size     264
  • 5.8        Life Science & Bio-Medicine 266
    • 5.8.1    Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             266
    • 5.8.2    Applications and TRL                266
      • 5.8.2.1 Drug Delivery Systems             267
      • 5.8.2.2 Biosensors      268
      • 5.8.2.3 Medical Imaging          268
      • 5.8.2.4 Tissue Engineering     268
      • 5.8.2.5 Medical Implants        269
      • 5.8.2.6 Gene Therapy 270
      • 5.8.2.7 Antibacterial Applications    270
      • 5.8.2.8 Cancer Treatment       271
      • 5.8.2.9 Neural Interfaces         272
    • 5.8.3    Roadmap         272
    • 5.8.4    Market Opportunities               273
    • 5.8.5    SWOT Analysis             274
    • 5.8.6    Market Players               275
    • 5.8.7    Global Market Size     275
  • 5.9        Paints and Coatings  277
    • 5.9.1    Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             277
    • 5.9.2    Applications and TRL                277
      • 5.9.2.1 Anti-Corrosion Coatings         279
      • 5.9.2.2 Conductive Coatings 279
      • 5.9.2.3 Thermal Barrier Coatings       280
      • 5.9.2.4 Anti-Fouling Coatings               281
        • 5.9.2.4.1           Scratch-Resistant Coatings 281
      • 5.9.2.5 Flame Retardant Coatings    282
      • 5.9.2.6 High-Performance Adhesives              282
    • 5.9.3    Roadmap         283
    • 5.9.4    Market Opportunities               283
    • 5.9.5    SWOT Analysis             284
    • 5.9.6    Market Players               285
    • 5.9.7    Global Market Size     285
  • 5.10     Adhesives, Sealants and Lubricants              287
    • 5.10.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             287
    • 5.10.2 Applications and TRL                287
    • 5.10.3 Roadmap         288
    • 5.10.4 Market Opportunities               289
    • 5.10.5 Market Players               290
    • 5.10.6 Global Market Size     290
  • 5.11     Thermal Management             292
    • 5.11.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             292
    • 5.11.2 Applications and TRL                292
    • 5.11.3 Roadmap         293
    • 5.11.4 Market Opportunities               294
    • 5.11.5 SWOT Analysis             295
    • 5.11.6 Market Players               296
    • 5.11.7 Global Market Size     296
  • 5.12     Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) Shielding          298
    • 5.12.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             298
    • 5.12.2 Applications and TRL                298
    • 5.12.3 Roadmap         299
    • 5.12.4 Market Opportunities               300
    • 5.12.5 SWOT Analysis             301
    • 5.12.6 Market Players               301
    • 5.12.7 Global Market Size     302
  • 5.13     Textiles and Wearables           304
    • 5.13.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             304
    • 5.13.2 Applications and TRL                304
    • 5.13.3 Roadmap         306
    • 5.13.4 Market Opportunities               306
    • 5.13.5 SWOT Analysis             307
    • 5.13.6 Market Players               308
    • 5.13.7 Global Market Size     309
  • 5.14     Rubber and Synthetics            310
    • 5.14.1 Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials             310
    • 5.14.2 Applications and TRL                310
    • 5.14.3 Roadmap         311
    • 5.14.4 Market Opportunities               312
    • 5.14.5 SWOT Analysis             313
    • 5.14.6 Market Players               313
    • 5.14.7 Global Market Size     314

 

6             GRAPHENE COMPANY PROFILES    316 (385 company profiles)

 

 

7             REFERENCES 551

 

List of Tables

  • Table 1. Types of advanced carbon materials, properties and applications.       25
  • Table 2. Different Types of Graphene and Use Cases.        28
  • Table 3. Global Graphene Demand by Type, 2018-2036 (tons).   52
  • Table 4. Global Graphene Demand by End User Market, 2018-2036 (tons).        54
  • Table 5. Cost Structure for Graphene Production. 57
  • Table 6. Graphene company funding 2022-2025. 62
  • Table 7. Graphene industrial collaborations, licence agreements and target markets. 70
  • Table 8. Commercial products incorporating graphene.   80
  • Table 9. Major Graphene Producers - Production Capacities (2025 Updated).  85
  • Table 10. CVD Graphene Pricing by Supplier (2025 Updated)        91
  • Table 11. Few-Layer Graphene Pricing (2025 Updated)     92
  • Table 12. Graphene Nanoplatelets Pricing by Producer (2025 Updated) 94
  • Table 13. Graphene Oxide and rGO Pricing by Producer (2025 Updated)               96
  • Table 14. Graphene Price Ranges Summary (2025).           99
  • Table 15. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Li-Ion Batteries                100
  • Table 16. Applications and TRL for Graphene in Li-Ion Batteries. 102
  • Table 17. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Li-Ion Batteries  106
  • Table 18. Market Players in Graphene Li-Ion Batteries        108
  • Table 19. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.          110
  • Table 20. Applications and TRL Graphene in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.    111
  • Table 21. Market players in Graphene in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.             114
  • Table 22. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Sodium-Air Batteries.          114
  • Table 23. Applications and TRL Graphene in Sodium-Air Batteries.           115
  • Table 24. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Sodium-Air Batteries.   116
  • Table 25. Market players in Graphene in Sodium-Air Batteries.    117
  • Table 26. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Supercapacitors.                118
  • Table 27.  Applications and TRL Graphene in Supercapacitors.   119
  • Table 28. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Supercapacitors.            123
  • Table 29. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Fuel Cells.          124
  • Table 30. Applications and TRL Graphene in Fuel Cells.    126
  • Table 31. Performance Metrics Summary. 129
  • Table 32. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Fuel Cells.            131
  • Table 33. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Solar Cells.        133
  • Table 34. Applications and TRL Graphene in Solar Cells.  134
  • Table 35. Performance Summary by Solar Cell Type:          136
  • Table 36. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Solar Cells.          137
  • Table 37. Market players in Graphene in Solar Cells.           139
  • Table 38. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Hydrogen Storage.                139
  • Table 39. Applications and TRL Graphene in Hydrogen Storage.  141
  • Table 40. Performance Summary.    142
  • Table 41. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Hydrogen Storage.          143
  • Table 42. Market players in Graphene in Hydrogen Storage.           144
  • Table 43. Energy Storage & Energy Generation - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036. 145
  • Table 44. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Composites & Plastics              146
  • Table 45. Applications and TRL Graphene in Composites & Plastics        147
  • Table 46. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Composites & Plastics.              153
  • Table 47. Global Market Demand for Graphene in Polymer Additives, 2018-2036 (Tons).          154
  • Table 48. Market players in Graphene in Composites & Plastics 155
  • Table 49. Polymer Additives - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036           156
  • Table 50. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Photodetectors                157
  • Table 51. Applications and TRL for Graphene in Photodetectors 158
  • Table 52. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Photodetectors.               160
  • Table 53. Market Players in Graphene in Photodetectors  160
  • Table 54. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Transparent Conductive Films        161
  • Table 55. Applications and TRL for Graphene in Transparent Conductive Films 162
  • Table 56. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Transparent Conductive Films               163
  • Table 57. Market Players in Graphene in Transparent Conductive Films 164
  • Table 58. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Biosensors        164
  • Table 59. Applications and TRL for Graphene in Biosensors           165
  • Table 60. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Biosensors.        167
  • Table 61. Market Players in Graphene in Biosensors           167
  • Table 62. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Gas Sensors     168
  • Table 63. Applications and TRL for Graphene in Gas Sensors.      169
  • Table 64. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Gas Sensors       170
  • Table 65. Market Players in Graphene in Gas Sensors        171
  • Table 66. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Optical Communications        171
  • Table 67. Applications and TRL for Graphene in Optical Communications          173
  • Table 68. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Optical Communication.           174
  • Table 69. Market Players in Graphene in Optical Communications           174
  • Table 70. Optoelectronics & Sensors - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.     175
  • Table 71. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Transistors and Semiconductors          176
  • Table 72. Applications and TRL for Graphene in Transistors and Semiconductors           179
  • Table 73. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Transistors and Semiconductors          183
  • Table 74. Market Players in Graphene in Transistors and Semiconductors           184
  • Table 75. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Flexible Electronics                188
  • Table 76. Applications and TRL for Graphene in Flexible Electronics        191
  • Table 77. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Flexible Electronics        195
  • Table 78. Market Players in Graphene in Flexible Electronics         196
  • Table 79. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Memory Devices                200
  • Table 80. Applications and TRL for Graphene in Memory Devices               203
  • Table 81. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Memory Devices              206
  • Table 82. Market Players in Graphene in Memory Devices                207
  • Table 83. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Conductive Inks                209
  • Table 84. Applications and TRL Graphene in Conductive Inks       212
  • Table 85. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Conductive Inks               217
  • Table 86. Market Players in Graphene in Conductive Inks.              219
  • Table 87. Electronics Applications - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036            221
  • Table 88. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Membranes & Filtration            223
  • Table 89.  Applications and TRL for Graphene in Water Desalination.      227
  • Table 90.  Applications and TRL for Graphene in Water Purification.         227
  • Table 91.  Applications and TRL for Graphene in Gas Separation.               228
  • Table 92.  Applications and TRL for Graphene in Oil-Water Separation.  228
  • Table 93.  Applications and TRL for Graphene in Air Filtration.      229
  • Table 94.  Applications and TRL for Graphene in     Virus and Bacteria Filtration.               229
  • Table 95.  Applications and TRL for Graphene in     Industrial Process Filtration.                230
  • Table 96. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Membranes & Filtration               231
  • Table 97. Market Players in Graphene in Membranes & Filtration 233
  • Table 98. Filtration Membranes - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.  235
  • Table 99. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing              236
  • Table 100. Applications and TRL for Graphene in 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing Filament Materials.                240
  • Table 101. Applications and TRL for Graphene in 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing Resin Systems                240
  • Table 102. Applications and TRL for Graphene in 3D Printing/Additive Metal Printing.  241
  • Table 103. Applications and TRL for Graphene in 3D Printing/Additive Conductive Inks.             241
  • Table 104. Applications and TRL for Graphene in 3D Printing/Additive Bioprinting. .      242
  • Table 105. Applications and TRL for Graphene in 3D Printing/Additive for Aerospace Components.   242
  • Table 106. Applications and TRL for Graphene in 3D Printing/Additive for Automotive Parts.   242
  • Table 107. Applications and TRL for Graphene in 3D Printing/Additive for Electronic Components.    243
  • Table 108. Market Opportunities for Graphene in 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing 245
  • Table 109. Market Players in Graphene in 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing  247
  • Table 110. Additive Manufacturing - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036            249
  • Table 111. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Construction Materials.         251
  • Table 112. Applications and TRL Graphene in Construction Materials.   251
  • Table 113. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Construction Materials.           261
  • Table 114. SWOT analysis for graphene in construction.  262
  • Table 115. Market players in Graphene in Construction Materials.            263
  • Table 116. Construction Materials - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036             264
  • Table 117. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Life Science & Bio-Medicine.         266
  • Table 118. Applications and TRL Graphene in Life Science & Bio-Medicine.        266
  • Table 119. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Life Science & Bio-Medicine.                273
  • Table 120. SWOT analysis for graphene in biomedicine & healthcare.     274
  • Table 121. Market players in Graphene in Life Science & Bio-Medicine. 275
  • Table 122. Life Sciences & Bio-Medicine - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036               275
  • Table 123.Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Paints and Coatings.          277
  • Table 124. Applications and TRL Graphene in Paints and Coatings.          277
  • Table 125. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Paints and Coatings.  283
  • Table 126. SWOT analysis for graphene in Paints and Coatings.  284
  • Table 127. Market players in Graphene in Paints and Coatings.   285
  • Table 128. Paints & Coatings - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036         285
  • Table 129.Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Adhesives, Sealants and Lubricants.      287
  • Table 130. Applications and TRL Graphene in Adhesives, Sealants and Lubricants.      287
  • Table 131.Market Opportunities for Graphene in Adhesives, Sealants and Lubricants.               289
  • Table 132. Market players in Graphene in Adhesives, Sealants and Lubricants.               290
  • Table 133. Adhesives - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036          290
  • Table 134. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Thermal Management. 292
  • Table 135. Applications and TRL Graphene in Thermal Management.     292
  • Table 136. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Thermal Management.             294
  • Table 137. SWOT analysis for graphene in thermal management.              295
  • Table 138. Market players in Graphene in Thermal Management.              296
  • Table 139. Thermal Management - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036 296
  • Table 140.Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in EMI Shielding. 298
  • Table 141. Applications and TRL Graphene in EMI Shielding.         299
  • Table 142. Market Opportunities for Graphene in EMI Shielding. 300
  • Table 143. SWOT analysis for graphene in EMI shielding. 301
  • Table 144. Market players in Graphene in EMI Shielding.  301
  • Table 145. EMI Shielding - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036  302
  • Table 146. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Textiles and Wearables.      304
  • Table 147. Applications and TRL Graphene in Textiles and Wearables.   304
  • Table 148. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Textiles and Wearables.           306
  • Table 149. SWOT analysis for graphene in textiles and apparel.  307
  • Table 150. Market players in Graphene in Textiles and Wearables.            308
  • Table 151. Textiles & Apparel - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036         309
  • Table 152. Technical Gain and Function Versus Competing Materials for Graphene in Rubber and Synthetics.      310
  • Table 153. Applications and TRL Graphene in Rubber and Synthetics.    310
  • Table 154. Market Opportunities for Graphene in Rubber and Synthetics.            312
  • Table 155. SWOT analysis for graphene in rubber and tires.           313
  • Table 156. Market players in Graphene in Rubber and Synthetics.             313
  • Table 157. Rubber & Synthetics - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036   314
  • Table 158. Performance criteria of energy storage devices.            547

 

List of Figures

  • Figure 1. Graphene and its descendants: top right: graphene; top left: graphite = stacked graphene; bottom right: nanotube=rolled graphene; bottom left: fullerene=wrapped graphene. 28
  • Figure 2. Global Graphene Demand by Type, 2018-2036 (tons). 53
  • Figure 3. Global Graphene Demand by End User Market, 2018-2036 (tons).      55
  • Figure 4. TONE Free T90S model.     83
  • Figure 5. Roadmap for Graphene in Li-Ion Batteries (2018-2036)               105
  • Figure 6. Roadmap for Graphene in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.       112
  • Figure 7. Roadmap for Graphene in Sodium-Air Batteries.               116
  • Figure 8. Roadmap for Graphene in Supercapacitors.        122
  • Figure 9. Roadmap for Graphene in Fuel Cells.       130
  • Figure 10. Roadmap for Graphene in Solar Cells.  137
  • Figure 11. Roadmap for Graphene in Hydrogen Storage.  143
  • Figure 12. Energy Storage & Energy Generation - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036. 145
  • Figure 13. Roadmap for Graphene in Composites & Plastics.       153
  • Figure 14. Polymer Additives - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.        157
  • Figure 15. Roadmap for Graphene in Photodetectors         160
  • Figure 16. Roadmap for Graphene in Transparent Conductive Films.      163
  • Figure 17. Roadmap for Graphene in Biosensors. 167
  • Figure 18. Roadmap for Graphene in Optical Communications  174
  • Figure 19. Roadmap for Graphene in Transistors and Semiconductors (2018-2036).   182
  • Figure 20. Roadmap for Graphene in Flexible Electronics (2018-2036)  194
  • Figure 21. Roadmap for Graphene Memory Devices (2018-2036).            206
  • Figure 22. Applications Roadmap to 2035 for Graphene in Conductive Inks       217
  • Figure 23. Electronics Applications - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.         222
  • Figure 24. Roadmap for Graphene in Membranes & Filtration (2018-2036).        231
  • Figure 25. Filtration Membranes - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036. 235
  • Figure 26. Roadmap for Graphene in 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing (2018-2036).              245
  • Figure 27. Additive Manufacturing - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.            250
  • Figure 28. Roadmap for Graphene in Construction Materials.      261
  • Figure 29. Construction Materials - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.            264
  • Figure 30. Roadmap for Graphene in Life Science & Bio-Medicine.           273
  • Figure 31. Life Sciences & Bio-Medicine - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.              276
  • Figure 32. Roadmap for Graphene in Paints and Coatings.             283
  • Figure 33. Paints & Coatings - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.         286
  • Figure 34. Roadmap for Graphene in Adhesives, Sealants and Lubricants.         289
  • Figure 35. Adhesives - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.         291
  • Figure 36. Roadmap for Graphene in Thermal Management.        294
  • Figure 37. Thermal Management - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.               297
  • Figure 38. Roadmap for Graphene in EMI Shielding.            300
  • Figure 39. EMI Shielding - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.  303
  • Figure 40. Roadmap for Graphene in Textiles and Wearables.      306
  • Figure 41. Textiles & Apparel - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.        309
  • Figure 42. Roadmap for Graphene in Rubber and Synthetics.       312
  • Figure 43. Rubber & Synthetics - VOLUMES (Tons), 2018-2036.  315
  • Figure 44. Brain Scientific electrode schematic.    349
  • Figure 45. Graphene battery schematic.      373
  • Figure 46. BioStamp nPoint. 455
  • Figure 47. Nanotech Energy battery.               471
  • Figure 48. Hybrid battery powered electrical motorbike concept.              473
  • Figure 49. NAWAStitch integrated into carbon fiber composite.  474
  • Figure 50. Thermal conductive graphene film.         509
  • Figure 51. Talcoat graphene mixed with paint.         521
  •  

 

 

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