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The Nanocellulose Market, Production and Pricing Report 2021

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Published October 2021 | 350 pages, 91 tables, 161 figures | Table of contents

Nanocellulose (NC) materials are novel biomaterials with multiple industrial uses for replacing fossil derived raw materials. These materials are renewable, eco-friendly, have excellent mechanical properties, good biocompatibility, and tailorable surface chemistry. The addition of NC materials into polymers can enhance mechanical strength and reduce weight compared to fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP).

The market mainly consists of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) production at present as alternatives to resins, synthetic thickeners, strengtheners, and plastics. Cellulose nanofiber products have already hit the market, mainly in Japan, and are viewed as important advanced biomaterials solutions in the packaging and composites markets.

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) possess many desirable properties such as high surface area, hydroxyl groups for functionalization, colloidal stability, low toxicity, chirality and mechanical strength. Recent increases in production capacities are bringing CNCs to market in oil and gas fluids, adhesives, paper products, textiles, cement, plastics and composites, paints and coatings, personal care, healthcare, food and beverages and electronics.

Current production capacity for NC materials exceeds the market demand at present, but this is likely to change as prices drop in the next few years, and there is less distance to fall than with other nanomaterials as cellulose nanofibers are broadly cost competitive. Producers have already begun to produce additives that are competitive with conventional polymer composites (e.g. carbon fibers). The growth in interest in sustainable products will also greatly drive demand. 

The Nanocellulose Market, Production and Pricing Report 2021 report includes:

  • Pricing landscape for nanocellulose (Cellulose nanofibers, cellulose nanocrystals and bacterial nanocellulose), by types and producers.
  • Analysis of the market for cellulose nanofibers, cellulose nanocrystals and bacterial nanocellulose.
  • Production volumes by nanocellulose producer (current and planned).
  • End product guide. 
  • The market in Japan including all commercial product offerings. 
  • Over 120 company profiles including production processes, products and pricing, target markets and collaborations.
  • Profiles of all the major players in nanocellulose production. Companies profiled include Asahi Kasei, CelluComp Ltd., Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd., Daicel, Daio Paper Corporation, SAPPI, DKS Co. Ltd.  and many more.
  • Profiles of all the major application developers including current and planned products.
  • Industry developments 2020-21.

 

 

1              EXECUTIVE SUMMARY   23

  • 1.1          Why nanocellulose?       23
  • 1.2          The market for nanocellulose     25
  • 1.3          Future global market outlook     29
  • 1.4          Global nanocellulose production               30
    • 1.4.1      Total global production capacity 2021, by type   30
    • 1.4.2      Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) production capacities 2021, by producer          31
    • 1.4.3      Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) production capacities 2021           32
    • 1.4.4      Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production capacities 2021 35
  • 1.5          Market challenges for nanocellulose       39
  • 1.6          Nanocellulose commercial products        40
  • 1.7          Market impact from COVID-19 pandemic              48

 

2              OVERVIEW OF NANOCELLULOSE               49

  • 2.1          Cellulose              49
  • 2.2          Nanocellulose   49
  • 2.3          Properties of nanocellulose         50
  • 2.4          Advantages of nanocellulose      52
  • 2.5          Manufacture of nanocellulose    52
  • 2.6          Production methods       53
  • 2.7          Types of nanocellulose  54
    • 2.7.1      Microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) 56
    • 2.7.2      Cellulose nanofibers (CNF)           57
      • 2.7.2.1   Applications       58
    • 2.7.3      Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)       59
      • 2.7.3.1   Synthesis             59
      • 2.7.3.2   Properties           61
      • 2.7.3.3   Applications       62
    • 2.7.4      Bacterial Nanocellulose (BNC)    64
      • 2.7.4.1   Applications       64
  • 2.8          Synthesis             65

 

3              NANOCELLULOSE PRICING           69

  • 3.1          Cellulose nanofiber (CNF)             69
  • 3.2          Cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)         70
  • 3.3          Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC)     71

 

4              NANOCELLULOSE INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENTS 2020-2021                72

 

5              NANOCELLULOSE IN COMPOSITES            74

  • 5.1          Market overview             74
  • 5.2          Market prospects            75
  • 5.3          Market assessment        76
  • 5.4          Applications       80
  • 5.5          Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2030       81

 

6              NANOCELLULOSE IN AUTOMOTIVE          82

  • 6.1          Market overview             82
  • 6.2          Market prospects            83
  • 6.3          Market assessment        83
  • 6.4          Applications       86
  • 6.5          Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2030       86

 

7              NANOCELLULOSE IN CONSTRUCTION      88

  • 7.1          Market overview             88
  • 7.2          Market prospects            88
  • 7.3          Market assessment        89
  • 7.4          Applications       92
  • 7.5          Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2030       93

 

8              NANOCELLULOSE IN PAPER AND BOARD PACKAGING      94

 

9              NANOCELLULOSE TEXTILES AND APPAREL             102

  • 9.1          Market overview             102
  • 9.2          Market prospects            102
  • 9.3          Market assessment        103
  • 9.4          Applications       107
  • 9.5          Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2030       107

 

10           NANOCELLULOSE IN MEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE             109

  • 10.1        Market overview             109
  • 10.2        Market prospects            110
  • 10.3        Market assessment        111
  • 10.4        Applications       116
  • 10.5        Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2030       117

 

11           NANOCELLULOSE IN PAINTS AND COATINGS        119

  • 11.1        Market overview             119
  • 11.2        Market prospects            119
  • 11.3        Market assessment        120
  • 11.4        Applications       123
  • 11.5        Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2030       124

 

12           NANOCELLULOSE IN AEROGELS 125

  • 12.1        Market overview             125
  • 12.2        Market prospects            125
  • 12.3        Market assessment        126
  • 12.4        Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2030       128

 

13           NANOCELLULOSE IN OIL AND GAS            130

  • 13.1        Market overview             130
  • 13.2        Market prospects            130
  • 13.3        Market assessment        131
  • 13.4        Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2030       133

 

14           NANOCELLULOSE IN FILTRATION               135

  • 14.1        Market overview             135
  • 14.2        Market prospects            137
  • 14.3        Market assessment        137
  • 14.4        Applications       140
  • 14.5        Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2030       141

 

15           NANOCELLULOSE IN RHEOLOGY MODIFIERS FOR COSMETICS, PHARMA AND FOOD ADDITIVES      142

  • 15.1        Market overview             142
  • 15.2        Market prospects            143
  • 15.3        Market assessment        143
  • 15.4        Applications map             145
  • 15.5        Global market in tons, historical and forecast to 2030       146

 

16           OTHER MARKETS FOR NANOCELLULOSE 147

  • 16.1        PRINTED, STRETCHABLE AND FLEXIBLE ELECTRONICS        147
    • 16.1.1    Market assessment        147
    • 16.1.2    Product developer profiles          150
  • 16.2        NANOCELLULOSE IN 3D PRINTING            153
    • 16.2.1    Market assessment        153
    • 16.2.2    Product developer profiles          155
  • 16.3        NANOCELLULOSE IN AEROSPACE              156
    • 16.3.1    Market assessment        156
    • 16.3.2    Product developer profiles          157

 

17           NANOCELLULOSE PRODUCER ANALYSIS 158

  • 17.1        Types of nanocellulose produced, by producer    158
  • 17.2        Target markets, by nanocellulose producer          160

 

18           CELLULOSE NANOFIBER COMPANY PROFILES       164

  • 18.1        Aichemist Metal Inc.       164
  • 18.2        ANPOLY, Inc.      164
  • 18.3        Asahi Kasei Corporation 166
  • 18.4        Betulium Oy       171
  • 18.5        BIO-LUTIONS International AG   171
  • 18.6        Blue BioFuels, Inc.            172
  • 18.7        Borregaard ChemCell     173
  • 18.8        CELLiCON B.V.   175
  • 18.9        Cellucomp Ltd.  176
  • 18.10     Cellutech AB (Stora Enso)             179
  • 18.11     Centre Technique du Papier (CTP)            180
  • 18.12     Chuetsu Pulp & Paper Co., Ltd.   182
  • 18.13     Daicel Corporation          186
  • 18.14     DaikyoNishikawa Corporation     188
  • 18.15     Daio Paper Corporation 189
  • 18.16     Daishowa Paper Products Co. Ltd.             193
  • 18.17     Denso Corporation          194
  • 18.18     DIC         195
  • 18.19     DKS Co. Ltd.        196
  • 18.20     Ehime Paper Manufacturing Co. Ltd.        199
  • 18.21     Evolgene Genomics SL   201
  • 18.22     Fiberlean Technologies  201
  • 18.23     Fillerbank Limited            203
  • 18.24     FineCell Sweden AB        204
  • 18.25     Fuji Pigment Co., Ltd.      205
  • 18.26     Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd             206
  • 18.27     Gen Corporation              207
  • 18.28     Granbio Technologies    208
  • 18.29     GS Alliance Co. Ltd.          211
  • 18.30     Hattori Shoten K.K.         213
  • 18.31     Hexa Chemical Co. Ltd./Nature Gift          214
  • 18.32     Hokuetsu Toyo Fibre Co., Ltd.     214
  • 18.33     Innventia AB      217
  • 18.34     The Japan Steel Works Ltd            219
  • 18.35     JeNaCell GmbH 220
  • 18.36     Kami Shoji Company       221
  • 18.37     Kao Corporation               221
  • 18.38     KRI, Inc. 224
  • 18.39     Kruger Biomaterials, Inc.               226
  • 18.40     Kusano Sakko K.K.            228
  • 18.41     Maniwa Biochemical       229
  • 18.42     Marine Nanofiber Co., Ltd.           230
  • 18.43     Marusumi Paper Company Limited           231
  • 18.44     Marutomi Seishi Co., Ltd.              232
  • 18.45     Masuko Sangyo Co., Ltd.               233
  • 18.46     Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation/Mitsubishi Paper Mills Limited 234
  • 18.47     Mori Machinery Co., Ltd.               237
  • 18.48     Natural Friend   238
  • 18.49     Nippon Paper Group, Inc.             239
  • 18.50     Nippon Shizai Co., Ltd     245
  • 18.51     Nissin Kogyo Co., Ltd.     246
  • 18.52     Norske Skog ASA              246
  • 18.53     Omura Paint Co., Ltd.     247
  • 18.54     Onkyo Corporation          248
  • 18.55     Oji Holdings Corporation               248
  • 18.56     Osaka Gas Group             255
  • 18.57     Performance BioFilaments Inc    256
  • 18.58     Rengo Co., Ltd.  258
  • 18.59     Ripro Corporation            259
  • 18.60     Risho Kogyo Co. Ltd.        260
  • 18.61     Sanwa Kako Co. Ltd         261
  • 18.62     Sappi Limited     261
  • 18.63     Seiko PMC Corporation  262
  • 18.64     Sharp Chemical Ind. Co., Ltd.       265
  • 18.65     Shinwa Kako KK 266
  • 18.66     Starlite Co., Ltd. 267
  • 18.67     Stora Enso Oyj   267
  • 18.68     Sugino Machine Limited 269
  • 18.69     Svilosa AD           274
  • 18.70     Take Cite Co., Ltd.            275
  • 18.71     Taiyo Holdings Co Ltd     275
  • 18.72     Tianjon Haojia Cellulose Co., Ltd.               276
  • 18.73     Tentok Paper Co. Ltd.     276
  • 18.74     Toagosei Co. Ltd.              277
  • 18.75     Tokushu Tokai Paper Co., Ltd.     278
  • 18.76     Toray Industries, Inc.      278
  • 18.77     Toppan Printing Co., Ltd.               279
  • 18.78     Toyota Boshoku Corporation      281
  • 18.79     TS TS Tech Co., Ltd.          282
  • 18.80     Ube Industries, Ltd.         282
  • 18.81     Unitika Co., Ltd. 283
  • 18.82     University of Maine Process Development Center             284
  • 18.83     UPM Biomedicals             286
  • 18.84     UPM-Kymmene Corporation       287
  • 18.85     US Forest Products Laboratory (FPL)        290
  • 18.86     Valmet OYJ         293
  • 18.87     Verso Corporation           293
  • 18.88     VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd       294
  • 18.89     Yokohama Bio Frontier, Inc.         298
  • 18.90     Yokohama Rubber Co. Ltd.           299
  • 18.91     Yoshikawakuni Plastics Industries Co., Ltd.            300
  • 18.92     Zelfo Technology GmbH 301

 

19           CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTAL (CNC) PRODUCER ANALYSIS  303

 

20           CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTAL (CNC) COMPANY PROFILES    305

  • 20.1        Alberta Innovates/Innotech Materials LLC             305
  • 20.2        Anomera, Inc.    306
  • 20.3        Blue Goose Biorefineries (BGB) Inc.         307
  • 20.4        CELLiCON B.V.   310
  • 20.5        Celluforce, Inc.  311
  • 20.6        Evolgene Genomics SL   314
  • 20.7        Guilin Qihong Technology            314
  • 20.8        Melodea Ltd.     315
  • 20.9        Navitas d.o.o (NANOCRYSTACELL)            318
  • 20.10     Poly-Ink 319
  • 20.11     Renmatix, Inc.   319
  • 20.12     Sweetwater Energy        322
  • 20.13     Tianjin Woodelfbio Cellulose Co., Ltd.      324
  • 20.14     Toyo Seikan Group Holdings, Ltd.              325
  • 20.15     UMaine Process Development Center    325
  • 20.16     Forest Products Laboratory (FPL)              327
  • 20.17     Valentis Nanotech           329

 

21           BACTERIAL CELLULOSE (BC) COMPANY PROFILES 331

  • 21.1        Axcelon Biopolymers Corporation             331
  • 21.2        Azolla    332
  • 21.3        Bowil Biotech Sp. z o.o.              332
  • 21.4        Bucha Bio, Inc.   333
  • 21.5        Cass Materials Pty Ltd    334
  • 21.6        Cellugy 334
  • 21.7        DePuy Synthes  335
  • 21.8        FZMB GmbH       336
  • 21.9        Kusano Sakko Inc.            337
  • 21.10     Lohmann & Rauscher International GmbH & Co KG           338
  • 21.11     Nanollose Ltd     338
  • 21.12     Nano Novin Polymer Co 340

 

22           RESEARCH SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY 341

  • 22.1        Report scope     341
  • 22.2        Research methodology 341

 

23           REFERENCES       343

 

Tables

  • Table 1. Market summary for nanocellulose-Selling grade particle diameter, usage, advantages, average price/ton, market estimates, global consumption, main current applications, future applications.     24
  • Table 2. Markets and applications for nanocellulose.        25
  • Table 3. Classification of nanocellulose applications by type of industrial product ranged in terms of their potential of consumption.    29
  • Table 4. Market segmentation by type of nanocellulose, capacities and demand 2020, metric tonnes.       30
  • Table 5. CNF production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tonnes.       31
  • Table 6: MFC production capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tonnes.      32
  • Table 7. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers/MFC by market in metric tonnes, 2018-2031.       33
  • Table 8: Cellulose nanocrystal capacities (by type, wet or dry) and production process, by producer, metric tonnes.                35
  • Table 9. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers/MFC by market in metric tonnes, 2018-2031.       35
  • Table 10: Global demand for cellulose nanocrystals by market, 2018-2030.             38
  • Table 11: Market and technical challenges in nanocellulose.         39
  • Table 12. Assessment of impact from COVID-19 by end user market. Key: Low, little impact and market will continue to grow. Medium, market impacted to some degree affecting growth prospects over next 1-2 years. High: Market significantly impacted.   48
  • Table 13. Properties and applications of nanocellulose.   51
  • Table 14. Properties of nanocellulose, by type.   51
  • Table 15: Properties of cellulose nanofibrils relative to metallic and polymeric materials. 52
  • Table 16. Types of nanocellulose.              54
  • Table 17: Types of nanocellulose.             56
  • Table 18: Applications of cellulose nanofibers (CNF).        58
  • Table 19. Synthesis methods for cellulose nanocrystals (CNC).     60
  • Table 20: CNC sources, size and yield.     61
  • Table 21: CNC properties.            61
  • Table 22. Mechanical properties of CNC and other reinforcement materials.         62
  • Table 23: Applications of nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC).              63
  • Table 24: Applications of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC). 64
  • Table 25: Product/price/application matrix of cellulose nanofiber producers.        69
  • Table 26: Product/price/application matrix of cellulose nanocrystal producers.    70
  • Table 27: Product/price/application matrix of bacterial nanocellulose producers. 71
  • Table 28.Nanocellulose industry developments 2020-2021.           72
  • Table 29. Market overview for nanocellulose in composites.         74
  • Table 30. Comparative properties of polymer composites reinforcing materials.   74
  • Table 31. Scorecard for nanocellulose in composites.       75
  • Table 32. Market assessment for nanocellulose in composites-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global composites OEMs.   76
  • Table 33: Global market demand for nanocellulose in composites, 2018-2030 (tons).        81
  • Table 34. Market overview for nanocellulose in automotive.        82
  • Table 35. Scorecard for nanocellulose in automotive.       83
  • Table 36. Market assessment for nanocellulose in automotive-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global automotive OEMs.   83
  • Table 37: Global market demand for nanocellulose in the automotive sector 2018-2030 (tons).    86
  • Table 38. Market overview for nanocellulose in construction.       88
  • Table 39. Scorecard for nanocellulose in construction      88
  • Table 40. Comparison of CNC with steel and other materials.        89
  • Table 41. Market assessment for nanocellulose in construction-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global construction OEMs    90
  • Table 42: Market demand for nanocellulose in construction, 2018-2030 (tons).    93
  • Table 43. Oxygen permeability of nanocellulose films compared to those made form commercially available petroleum-based materials and other polymers. 94
  • Table 44. Scorecard for nanocellulose in paper and board packaging.        94
  • Table 45. Market assessment for nanocellulose in paper and board packaging-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global paper and board packaging OEMs.        95
  • Table 46: Global demand for nanocellulose in paper & board packaging, 2018-2030 (tons).            101
  • Table 47. Market overview for nanocellulose in textiles and apparel.         102
  • Table 48. Scorecard for nanocellulose in textiles and apparel.       102
  • Table 49. Market assessment for nanocellulose in textiles and apparel-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global textiles and apparel OEMs.          103
  • Table 50: Demand for nanocellulose in textiles, 2018-2030 (tons).             107
  • Table 51. Market overview for nanocellulose in medicine and healthcare.              109
  • Table 52. Scorecard for nanocellulose in medicine and healthcare.             110
  • Table 53. Market assessment for nanocellulose in medicine and healthcare-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global medicine and healthcare OEMs. 111
  • Table 54: Global demand for nanocellulose in medical and healthcare, 2018-2030 (tons). 117
  • Table 55: Global demand for nanocellulose in hygiene and absorbents, 2018-2030 (tons).               118
  • Table 56. Market overview for nanocellulose in paints and coatings.          119
  • Table 57. Scorecard for nanocellulose in paints and coatings.        119
  • Table 58. Market assessment for nanocellulose in paints and coatings-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global paints and coatings OEMs. 120
  • Table 59: Global demand for nanocellulose in paint and coatings, 2018-2030 (tons).          124
  • Table 60. Market overview for nanocellulose in aerogels.               125
  • Table 61. Scorecard for nanocellulose in aerogels.             125
  • Table 62. Market assessment for nanocellulose in aerogels and insulation-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global aerogels OEMs.   126
  • Table 63: Global demand for nanocellulose in aerogels and insulation, 2018-2030 (tons). 128
  • Table 64. Market overview for nanocellulose in oil and gas.           130
  • Table 65. Scorecard for nanocellulose in oil and gas.         130
  • Table 66. Market assessment for nanocellulose in oil and gas-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global oil and gas OEMs.   131
  • Table 67: Global demand for nanocellulose in the oil and gas market, 2018-2030 (tons).  133
  • Table 68. CNF membranes.          136
  • Table 69. Market overview for nanocellulose in filtration.               136
  • Table 70. Scorecard for nanocellulose in filtration.             137
  • Table 71. Market assessment for nanocellulose in filtration-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global filtration OEMs.   137
  • Table 72: Global demand for nanocellulose in the filtration market, 2018-2030 (tons).      141
  • Table 73. Market overview for nanocellulose in rheology modifiers.          142
  • Table 74. Scorecard for nanocellulose in rheology modifiers.        143
  • Table 75. Market assessment for nanocellulose in rheology modifiers-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global rheology modifier OEMs. 143
  • Table 76: Global demand for nanocellulose in the rheology modifiers market, 2018-2030 (tons).  146
  • Table 77. Properties of flexible electronics‐cellulose nanofiber film (nanopaper). 147
  • Table 78. Market assessment for nanocellulose in printed, stretchable and flexible electronics-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global printed, flexible and stretchable electronics OEMs.   148
  • Table 79: Companies developing cellulose nanofiber products in printed, stretchable and flexible electronics.        150
  • Table 80. Market assessment for nanocellulose in 3D priniting-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global 3D printing OEMs.   153
  • Table 81: Companies developing nanocellulose 3D printing products.       155
  • Table 82. Market assessment for nanocellulose in aerospace-application, key benefits and motivation for use, megatrends, market drivers, technology drawbacks, competing materials, material loading, main global aerospace OEMs.   156
  • Table 83: Companies developing nanocellulose products in aircraft and aerospace.            157
  • Table 84: Nanocellulose producers and types of nanocellulose produced.               158
  • Table 85: Target markets, by nanocellulose producer.      160
  • Table 86: Granbio Nanocellulose Processes.         209
  • Table 87. Nippon Paper commercial CNF products.           244
  • Table 88: Oji Holdings CNF products.       253
  • Table 89: CNC producers and production capacities.         303
  • Table 90: Target market, by cellulose nanocrystal producer.         304
  • Table 91. Fibnano properties.     337

 

Figures

  • Figure 1. Market segmentation by type of nanocellulose, capacities and demand 2021, metric tonnes.      31
  • Figure 2. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers/MFC in metric tonnes by market, 2018-2031.     34
  • Figure 3. Global demand for cellulose nanocrystals by market, 2018-2031.              36
  • Figure 4. Global demand for cellulose nanofibers/MFC in metric tonnes by market, 2018-2031.     37
  • Figure 5: Global demand for cellulose nanocrystals by market, 2018-2031.              39
  • Figure 6: Nanocellulose-based commercial products.       40
  • Figure 7. Dorayaki.           41
  • Figure 8. ENASAVE NEXT.              41
  • Figure 9. GEL-KAYANO™.              42
  • Figure 10. Kirekira! toilet wipes. 44
  • Figure 11. "Poise" series Super strong deodorant sheet. 45
  • Figure 12. SC-3 (B) speakers.       45
  • Figure 13. SE-MONITOR5 headphones.   46
  • Figure 14. "Skin Care Acty" series Adult diapers. 46
  • Figure 15. "SURISURI" Lotion.     46
  • Figure 16: Schematic diagram of partial molecular structure of cellulose chain with numbering for carbon atoms and n= number of cellobiose repeating unit. 49
  • Figure 17: Scale of cellulose materials.    50
  • Figure 18: Types of nanocellulose.            55
  • Figure 19: Relationship between different kinds of nanocelluloses.            55
  • Figure 20: CNF gel.           57
  • Figure 21. TEM image of cellulose nanocrystals. 59
  • Figure 22. CNC preparation.        59
  • Figure 23: Extracting CNC from trees.      61
  • Figure 24: CNC slurry.     63
  • Figure 25. Nanocellulose preparation methods and resulting materials.   65
  • Figure 26. Various preparation methods for nanocellulose.           68
  • Figure 27. Applications of nanocellulose in composites.  80
  • Figure 28: Global market demand for nanocellulose in composites, 2018-2030 (tons).       81
  • Figure 29. Interior of NCV concept car.    82
  • Figure 30. Applications of nanocellulose in automotive.  86
  • Figure 31: Global demand for nanocellulose in the automotive sector, 2018-2030 (tons). 87
  • Figure 32. Comparison of nanofillers with supplementary cementitious materials and aggregates in concrete.       89
  • Figure 33. Applications of nanocellulose in construction. 92
  • Figure 34: Demand for nanocellulose in construction, 2018-2030 (tons). 93
  • Figure 35. Applications of nanocellulose in paper and board packaging.   100
  • Figure 36: Global demand for nanocellulose in the paper & board/packaging, 2018-2030 (tons).  101
  • Figure 37. Applications of nanocellulose in textiles and apparel.  107
  • Figure 38: Demand for nanocellulose in the textiles, 2018-2030 (tons).    108
  • Figure 39. Applications of nanocellulose in medicine and healthcare.        116
  • Figure 40: Global demand for nanocellulose in medical and healthcare, 2018-2030 (tons).              117
  • Figure 41: Global demand for nanocellulose in hygiene and absorbents 2018-2030 (tons).              118
  • Figure 42. Applications of nanocellulose in paints and coatings.   123
  • Figure 43: Global demand for nanocellulose in paint and coatings, 2018-2030 (tons).        124
  • Figure 44: Global demand for nanocellulose in aerogels and insulation, 2018-2030 (tons).               129
  • Figure 45: Global demand for nanocellulose in the oil and gas market, 2018-2030 (tons). 134
  • Figure 46. Applications of nanocellulose in filtration.        141
  • Figure 47: Global demand for nanocellulose in the filtration market, 2018-2030 (tons).    141
  • Figure 48. Applications of nanocellulose in rheology modifers.     145
  • Figure 49: Global demand for nanocellulose in the rheology modifiers market, 2018-2030 (tons). 146
  • Figure 50: Foldable nanopaper antenna. 148
  • Figure 51: Flexible electronic substrate made from CNF. 151
  • Figure 52. Oji CNF transparent sheets.    151
  • Figure 53. Electronic components using NFC as insulating materials.          152
  • Figure 54: Anpoly cellulose nanofiber hydrogel.  165
  • Figure 55. MEDICELLU™.               165
  • Figure 56: Ashai Kasei CNF production process.  167
  • Figure 57: Asahi Kasei CNF fabric sheet. 168
  • Figure 58: Properties of Asahi Kasei cellulose nanofiber nonwoven fabric.              168
  • Figure 59. CNF nonwoven fabric.               169
  • Figure 60. Borregaard Chemcell CNF production process.               174
  • Figure 61. nanoforest products. 183
  • Figure 62. Chuetsu Pulp & Paper CNF production process.             184
  • Figure 63. nanoforest-S. 184
  • Figure 64. nanoforest-PDP.         185
  • Figure 65. nanoforest-MB.           185
  • Figure 66. Daicel Corporation CNF production process.    187
  • Figure 67. Celish.              187
  • Figure 68: Trunk lid incorporating CNF.   188
  • Figure 69. Daio Paper CNF production process.   190
  • Figure 70. ELLEX products.           191
  • Figure 71. CNF-reinforced PP compounds.            192
  • Figure 72. Kirekira! toilet wipes. 192
  • Figure 73. Color CNF.      193
  • Figure 74. DIC Products CNF production process.               195
  • Figure 75. DKS Co. Ltd. CNF production process. 197
  • Figure 76: Rheocrysta spray.       198
  • Figure 77. DKS CNF products.      198
  • Figure 78: CNF based on citrus peel.        200
  • Figure 79. Citrus cellulose nanofiber.       200
  • Figure 80. Imerys CNF production process.           202
  • Figure 81. Filler Bank CNC products.         204
  • Figure 82: Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) composite with polyethylene (PE).  205
  • Figure 83: CNF products from Furukawa Electric.                207
  • Figure 84. Granbio CNF production process.         210
  • Figure 85: Cutlery samples (spoon, knife, fork) made of nano cellulose and biodegradable plastic composite materials.                212
  • Figure 86. Non-aqueous CNF dispersion "Senaf" (Photo shows 5% of plasticizer). 213
  • Figure 87: CNF gel.           215
  • Figure 88: Block nanocellulose material. 216
  • Figure 89: CNF products developed by Hokuetsu.              216
  • Figure 90. Innventia CNF production process.      218
  • Figure 91: Innventia AB movable nanocellulose demo plant.         219
  • Figure 92. Kami Shoji CNF products.         221
  • Figure 93. Dual Graft System.     222
  • Figure 94: Engine cover utilizing Kao CNF composite resins.           223
  • Figure 95. Acrylic resin blended with modified CNF (fluid) and its molded product (transparent film), and image obtained with AFM (CNF 10wt% blended).           224
  • Figure 96: 0.3% aqueous dispersion of sulfated esterified CNF and dried transparent film (front side).       225
  • Figure 97. Kruger Biomaterials, Inc. CNF production process.        227
  • Figure 98. CNF deodorant.           229
  • Figure 99. Chitin nanofiber product.        230
  • Figure 100. Marusumi Paper cellulose nanofiber products.            232
  • Figure 101. FibriMa cellulose nanofiber powder. 233
  • Figure 102. Cellulomix production process.           235
  • Figure 103. Nanobase versus conventional products.       236
  • Figure 104. Uni-ball Signo UMN-307.       236
  • Figure 105: CNF slurries.               237
  • Figure 106. Range of CNF products.          237
  • Figure 107: Nanocell serum product.       239
  • Figure 108: Hydrophobization facilities for raw pulp.        240
  • Figure 109: Mixing facilities for CNF-reinforced plastic.    240
  • Figure 110. Nippon Paper CNF production process.           242
  • Figure 111: Nippon Paper Industries’ adult diapers.          244
  • Figure 112. All-resin forceps incorporating CNF.  246
  • Figure 113. CNF paint product.   247
  • Figure 114: CNF wet powder.     249
  • Figure 115: CNF transparent film.              249
  • Figure 116: Transparent CNF sheets.       250
  • Figure 117. Oji Paper CNF production process.    251
  • Figure 118: CNF clear sheets.      253
  • Figure 119. Oji Holdings CNF polycarbonate product.       255
  • Figure 120: Fluorene cellulose ® powder.              256
  • Figure 121. Performance Biofilaments CNF production process.  257
  • Figure 122: XCNF.            258
  • Figure 123: CNF insulation flat plates.     260
  • Figure 124. Seiko PMC CNF production process. 263
  • Figure 125. Manufacturing process for STARCEL. 264
  • Figure 126: Rubber soles incorporating CNF.        266
  • Figure 127. CNF dispersion and powder from Starlite.      267
  • Figure 128. Stora Enso CNF production process. 268
  • Figure 129. Sugino Machine CNF production process.      270
  • Figure 130: High Pressure Water Jet Process.       270
  • Figure 131: 2 wt.％ CNF suspension.       271
  • Figure 132. BiNFi-s Dry Powder. 271
  • Figure 133. BiNFi-s Dry Powder and Propylene (PP) Complex Pellet.          272
  • Figure 134: Silk nanofiber (right) and cocoon of raw material.       272
  • Figure 135: SVILOSA AD CNC products.   274
  • Figure 136: Silver / CNF composite dispersions.  280
  • Figure 137: CNF/nanosilver powder.       280
  • Figure 138: Comparison of weight reduction effect using CNF.     281
  • Figure 139: CNF resin products. 283
  • Figure 140. University of Maine CNF production process.               285
  • Figure 141. UPM-Kymmene CNF production process.      288
  • Figure 142. FibDex® wound dressing.      289
  • Figure 143. US Forest Service Products Laboratory CNF production process.          291
  • Figure 144: Flexible electronic substrate made from CNF.               292
  • Figure 145. VTT 100% bio-based stand-up pouches.         294
  • Figure 146. VTT CNF production process.               296
  • Figure 147: HefCel-coated wood (left) and untreated wood (right) after 30 seconds flame test.     297
  • Figure 148: Bio-based barrier bags prepared from Tempo-CNF coated bio-HDPE film.        298
  • Figure 149. S-CNF in powder form.           299
  • Figure 150. Zelfo Technology GmbH CNF production process.       301
  • Figure 151: R3TM process technology.   308
  • Figure 152: Blue Goose CNC Production Process.               309
  • Figure 153: NCCTM Process.        312
  • Figure 154: Celluforce production process.           313
  • Figure 155: CNC produced at Tech Futures’ pilot plant; cloudy suspension (1 wt.%), gel-like (10 wt.%), flake-like crystals, and very fine powder. Product advantages include:         313
  • Figure 156: Plantrose process.    320
  • Figure 157. CNC solution.              324
  • Figure 158. University of Maine CNF production process.               326
  • Figure 159. US Forest Service Products Laboratory CNF production process.          328
  • Figure 160. Cellugy materials.     335
  • Figure 161: Bacterial cellulose face mask sheet.  336

 

 

The Nanocellulose Market, Production and Pricing Report 2021
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