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The Global Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Market 2026-2036

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  • Published: June 2026
  • Pages: 221
  • Tables: 96
  • Figures: 44

 

Thermal energy storage (TES) has emerged as one of the most consequential technologies in the energy transition, moving rapidly from a niche adjunct of concentrated solar power into a broad-based industry that observers increasingly describe as part of clean energy's next trillion-dollar storage business. The core proposition is simple and durable: heat and cold are far cheaper to store than electricity, and roughly half of global final energy demand is for heat. TES systems capture surplus or low-cost renewable electricity as heat — typically in solid media such as carbon, brick, ceramic and rock, or in molten salts and phase change materials — hold it at high temperature for hours or even days, and release it on demand as industrial steam, hot air or, through a power-conversion system, electricity. In doing so, TES decouples cheap but intermittent renewable supply from the time at which heat or power is actually required.

Growth in the global TES market rests on four reinforcing pillars: decarbonizing power and the hard-to-abate heat sector, providing grid flexibility as variable renewables scale, improving energy security by displacing fossil fuels, and a step-change in deployed project scale during 2025–2026. Industrial process heat is the fastest-growing application, overtaking power generation as the single largest end-use during the early 2030s, while Europe leads the market by revenue and Asia-Pacific grows fastest, supported by strong manufacturing and policy.

The defining development of the current period is the arrival of the first large, commercial-scale industrial "thermal batteries." Projects reaching gigawatt-hour scale — among the largest storage installations of any kind — are now being financed and built at industrial sites, frequently delivering heat to a host facility under long-term offtake agreements and, in some cases, commissioning in around a year from groundbreaking. This marks the industry's transition from pilots and demonstrations to bankable, utility- and industrial-scale assets, and it reflects growing confidence among strategic investors and project financiers in the technology's commercial maturity.

Innovation is simultaneously pushing the technology frontier. Developers are competing on storage medium — carbon, brick, ceramic, salt and metal — and on operating temperature, with some systems now targeting temperatures well above 1,500 °C to raise power density, shrink the system footprint and cut balance-of-system costs. Commercial models are evolving in parallel: Heat-as-a-Service contracts, under which a developer owns and operates the asset and sells delivered heat, remove the large up-front capital barrier that has historically deterred industrial customers.

Demand is increasingly broadening beyond traditional power and process-heat uses. Data centres seeking fast-to-build flexible capacity are emerging as a notable new driver, alongside district energy, buildings and cold chain. With venture capital, strategic corporate investment and government programmes retiring technology and financing risk, thermal energy storage is positioned to scale from first-of-a-kind plants toward repeatable, gigawatt-hour-scale deployments central to the decarbonization of heat and the flexibility of future power systems.

Report contents include: 

  • Executive summary — market size and growth potential, drivers and barriers, emerging trends and opportunities, key technology conclusions, the TES value chain, and market segmentation by technology, application and region
  • Introduction — overview of TES technologies, historical development, comparison with other energy storage, working principles, and classification (sensible, latent, thermochemical, mechanical-thermal), temperature ranges and centralized vs distributed systems
  • Market drivers and opportunities — decarbonization of power and industry, renewable integration (solar/CSP, wind/power-to-heat, geothermal/waste heat), energy efficiency and cost savings, grid stability and resilience, policy support and emissions trading, and regional initiatives and funding programs
  • Applications — concentrated solar power; industrial process heat (by temperature band and by industry); district heating and cooling; residential and commercial buildings; long-duration energy storage (electro-thermal, PTES, CAES/LAES); chemical looping and hydrogen production; and cold chain and refrigeration — each with a SWOT analysis
  • Technologies and materials — technology benchmarking and readiness levels; sensible heat (molten salts, concrete and solid media, rock/sand/brick); latent heat / phase change materials (organic, bio-based, inorganic salt hydrates and metallics, eutectics, encapsulation and heat-exchanger design); thermochemical storage (sorption and reaction systems, materials and prototypes); and electro-thermal storage (resistive, induction, heat pumps)
  • Market analysis — market size by technology, application and region; annual installations forecasts (GWh); price and cost analysis; value-chain analysis; and project case studies
  • Projects and installations — operational and planned/under-construction projects by sector and by company; cumulative capacity by region; and a regional breakdown (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Rest of World)
  • Company profiles — detailed profiles of leading players across the TES value chain including 1414 Degrees, Advanced Cooling Technologies, Inc., AED Energy, Allye Energy, Alternō, Alumina Energy, Antora Energy, Axiotherm GmbH, Azelio, Babcock & Wilcox, Bedrock Energy, BioLargo Energy Technologies, BOCA-PCM, Brenmiller Energy, Caldera, Cartesian, Climator Sweden AB, Croda Europe Ltd., Echogen Power Systems, Electrified Thermal Solutions, Energy Dome, Energy Vault, EnergyNest, Enesoon New Energy Co. Ltd, EnerVenue, Eos Energy Enterprises, Exergy3, Exergy Storage BV, Exowatt, Form Energy, Fourth Power, Glaciem Cooling Technologies, Harvest Thermal, Heatrix GmbH, HeatVentors, Heliogen, Highview Power, Hydrostor, Hyme Energy, Invinity Energy Systems, i-TES srl, Kraftblock, Kyoto Group and more....

 

 

 

1             EXECUTIVE SUMMARY            15

  • 1.1        Current market size and growth potential   15
  • 1.2        Major market drivers and barriers    17
  • 1.3        Emerging trends and opportunities 18
  • 1.4        Key technology conclusions 19
    • 1.4.1    TES technologies and their applications      19
    • 1.4.2    Technology readiness and commercialization status         19
    • 1.4.3    Future technology development and innovation roadmap              20
  • 1.5        Thermal energy storage value chain and key players           21
  • 1.6        Thermal energy storage market size and growth projections          21
    • 1.6.1    Global market size and forecast        21
    • 1.6.2    Market segmentation by technology, application, and region        21
    • 1.6.3    Regional initiatives     23

 

2             INTRODUCTION          25

  • 2.1        Overview of thermal energy storage technologies 26
    • 2.1.1    Historical development and milestones      26
    • 2.1.2    Comparison with other energy storage technologies          26
    • 2.1.3    Benefits and challenges of TES deployment              28
  • 2.2        Working principles of thermal energy storage systems      28
    • 2.2.1    Charging and discharging processes             29
    • 2.2.2    Heat transfer and storage mechanisms       29
    • 2.2.3    System components and configurations    29
  • 2.3        Thermal energy storage classification and applications   30
    • 2.3.1    Sensible            30
    • 2.3.2    Latent  30
    • 2.3.3    Thermochemical storage       30
    • 2.3.4    Mechanical-thermal 30
    • 2.3.5    Low, medium, and high-temperature applications               30
    • 2.3.6    Centralized and distributed storage systems           31

 

3             MARKET DRIVERS AND OPPORTUNITIES    32

  • 3.1        Decarbonization of power and industrial sectors  32
    • 3.1.1    Renewable energy integration and intermittency management   32
    • 3.1.2    Emissions reduction targets and carbon pricing    32
    • 3.1.3    Energy efficiency and process optimization              33
  • 3.2        Grid flexibility and long-duration energy storage    34
  • 3.3        Energy security and fossil-fuel displacement           34
  • 3.4        Integration of renewable energy sources     34
    • 3.4.1    Solar thermal and concentrated solar power           35
    • 3.4.2    Wind energy and power-to-heat solutions 35
    • 3.4.3    Geothermal energy and waste heat recovery            35
  • 3.5        Energy efficiency and cost savings  35
    • 3.5.1    Peak shaving and load shifting           35
    • 3.5.2    Demand response and energy arbitrage      36
    • 3.5.3    Reduced fuel consumption and operating costs    36
  • 3.6        Grid stability and resilience  37
    • 3.6.1    Frequency regulation and ancillary services             37
    • 3.6.2    Transmission and distribution infrastructure deferral         37
    • 3.6.3    Microgrid and off-grid applications 37
  • 3.7        Policy support and emissions trading schemes      37
    • 3.7.1    Renewable energy mandates and incentives           37
    • 3.7.2    Carbon markets and emissions trading schemes 38
    • 3.7.3    Building codes and energy efficiency standards    38
  • 3.8        Regional initiatives and funding programs 38
  • 3.9        Emerging opportunities           39

 

4             THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE APPLICATIONS          40

  • 4.1        Concentrated solar power (CSP)      40
    • 4.1.1    TES installations with concentrated solar power    40
      • 4.1.1.1 TES deployments with CSP projects, 2008–2023  41
      • 4.1.1.2 Capacity of TES (MWh) with installed CSP plants by region            41
      • 4.1.1.3 Capacity of TES (MWh) with planned CSP plants by country and project               41
    • 4.1.2    Parabolic trough and power tower systems               41
    • 4.1.3    Molten salt and other storage media              42
    • 4.1.4    Hybridization with fossil fuel and biomass 42
    • 4.1.5    SWOT analysis              43
  • 4.2        Industrial process heat            44
    • 4.2.1    Thermal energy storage value chain               45
    • 4.2.2    Key suppliers and manufacturers for TES media and materials   46
    • 4.2.3    Heat as a Product and Heat as a Service     47
    • 4.2.4    Thermal energy storage players         47
    • 4.2.5    Global distribution of TES system installations (excluding CSP)  49
    • 4.2.6    Existing and planned TES projects by industry / sector end-user 50
    • 4.2.7    TES projects by commercial readiness timeline     51
    • 4.2.8    TES technologies by commercial readiness level (CRL)    51
    • 4.2.9    Cumulative capacity of TES systems by region       52
    • 4.2.10 Cumulative capacity of TES systems by player        53
    • 4.2.11 Overview of industrial heat demand by temperature and operation          54
      • 4.2.11.1            Low-temperature processes (<100°C)         55
      • 4.2.11.2            Medium-temperature processes (100-400°C)        55
      • 4.2.11.3            High-temperature processes (>400°C)        56
    • 4.2.12 TES applications for specific industrial processes                57
      • 4.2.12.1            Food and beverage processing          57
      • 4.2.12.2            Pulp and paper manufacturing          57
      • 4.2.12.3            Chemical and petrochemical industries     57
      • 4.2.12.4            Metallurgy and mining             58
      • 4.2.12.5            Cement and ceramic production     58
    • 4.2.13 SWOT analysis              58
  • 4.3        District heating and cooling 59
    • 4.3.1    Combined heat and power (CHP) systems 60
    • 4.3.2    Waste heat recovery and utilization                60
    • 4.3.3    Seasonal storage and load balancing           60
    • 4.3.4    SWOT analysis              61
  • 4.4        Residential and commercial buildings          62
    • 4.4.1    Space heating and cooling   62
    • 4.4.2    Water heating and thermal comfort                62
    • 4.4.3    Integration with solar thermal and heat pump systems     63
    • 4.4.4    SWOT analysis              64
  • 4.5        Long-duration energy storage             65
    • 4.5.1    Electro-thermal energy storage systems     65
    • 4.5.2    TES as a technology to support adiabatic CAES and LAES systems          66
      • 4.5.2.1 Adiabatic LAES system with thermal energy storage           66
    • 4.5.3    Long-duration energy storage installation forecasts            66
      • 4.5.3.1 Annual installations forecast by region (GWh)         66
      • 4.5.3.2 Annual installations forecast by technology and segment (GWh)               67
      • 4.5.3.3 Installations forecast by application and value       68
    • 4.5.4    SWOT analysis              69
  • 4.6        Chemical looping and hydrogen production             70
    • 4.6.1    Chemical looping combustion (CLC) and reforming (CLR)              70
    • 4.6.2    Hydrogen production and storage   71
    • 4.6.3    Integration with carbon capture and utilization (CCU)       71
    • 4.6.4    Chemical looping combustion (CLC)            71
    • 4.6.5    Chemical looping hydrogen (CLH) generation          72
    • 4.6.6    Sorption-enhanced steam methane reforming (SE-SMR) 72
  • 4.7        Cold chain and refrigeration 72
    • 4.7.1    Food and pharmaceutical storage and transport   73
    • 4.7.2    Industrial refrigeration and process cooling              73
    • 4.7.3    Air conditioning and space cooling 74
    • 4.7.4    SWOT analysis              74

 

5             TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS   75

  • 5.1        Overview           76
    • 5.1.1    TES commercial readiness and technology benchmarking for industrial applications 76
    • 5.1.2    Thermal energy storage working principles                77
    • 5.1.3    TES system considerations  77
    • 5.1.4    TES system designs to provide heat at constant working parameters      78
    • 5.1.5    Thermal energy storage applications             78
    • 5.1.6    Types of thermal storage systems — latent and sensible heat      79
    • 5.1.7    Molten salt versus concrete as a thermal storage medium             79
  • 5.2        Sensible heat storage              80
    • 5.2.1    Molten salts    80
      • 5.2.1.1 Nitrate salts and eutectics    83
      • 5.2.1.2 Chloride and carbonate salts             83
      • 5.2.1.3 Salt selection criteria and properties             83
    • 5.2.2    Concrete and solid materials              84
      • 5.2.2.1 High-temperature concrete and ceramics 84
      • 5.2.2.2 Natural and recycled materials (rock, sand, bricks)             85
      • 5.2.2.3 Compatibility with heat transfer fluids          86
  • 5.3        Latent heat storage (Phase Change Materials)        87
    • 5.3.1    Organic PCMs (paraffins, fatty acids)            89
      • 5.3.1.1 Paraffin wax    89
      • 5.3.1.2 Non-Paraffins (fatty acids, esters, alcohols)             91
      • 5.3.1.3 Bio-based phase change materials 93
    • 5.3.2    Inorganic PCMs (salt hydrates, metallics)   94
      • 5.3.2.1 Salt hydrates  94
      • 5.3.2.2 Metal and metal alloy PCMs (High-temperature)   96
    • 5.3.3    Encapsulation and heat exchanger design 97
      • 5.3.3.1 Benefits             98
      • 5.3.3.2 Encapsulation selection considerations     98
      • 5.3.3.3 Macroencapsulation 98
      • 5.3.3.4 Micro/nanoencapsulation    99
      • 5.3.3.5 Shape Stabilized PCMs           99
      • 5.3.3.6 Commercial Encapsulation Technologies  100
    • 5.3.4    Eutectic PCMs              100
      • 5.3.4.1 Eutectic Mixtures        101
      • 5.3.4.2 Examples of Eutectic Inorganic PCMs           101
      • 5.3.4.3 Benefits             101
      • 5.3.4.4 Applications   101
      • 5.3.4.5 Advantages and disadvantages of eutectics             101
      • 5.3.4.6 Recent developments              102
  • 5.4        Thermochemical energy storage      102
    • 5.4.1    Thermochemical energy storage classification       103
    • 5.4.2    Thermochemical adsorption and absorption (sorption storage) 104
      • 5.4.2.1 Closed salt–water hydration (sorption) process     104
      • 5.4.2.2 Open salt–water hydration (sorption) process         104
    • 5.4.3    Thermochemical reaction energy storage (without sorption)        105
    • 5.4.4    Materials for thermochemical storage          105
      • 5.4.4.1 Materials overview     105
      • 5.4.4.2 Salt hydration 105
      • 5.4.4.3 Metal halides and sulfates with ammonia 106
      • 5.4.4.4 Metal oxide hydration               106
      • 5.4.4.5 Metal oxide carbonation and redox reactions          106
      • 5.4.4.6 Materials outlook and map   107
    • 5.4.5    Prototypes of thermochemical energy storage systems    107
    • 5.4.6    Complexities of reactor and system design               108
    • 5.4.7    Thermochemical energy storage advantages and disadvantages              108
  • 5.5        Electro-thermal energy storage         109
    • 5.5.1    Joule heating and resistive heating  109
    • 5.5.2    Induction heating and electromagnetic systems   110
    • 5.5.3    Heat pumps and refrigeration cycles              110
  • 5.6        Comparison of TES technologies: advantages and disadvantages            111
    • 5.6.1    Energy density and storage capacity              111
    • 5.6.2    Efficiency and round-trip        112
    • 5.6.3    Cost and economic viability 112
    • 5.6.4    Operational flexibility and response time    112
    • 5.6.5    Environmental impact and safety considerations 113
  • 5.7        Technology readiness levels and commercial maturity     114
    • 5.7.1    Research and development (TRL 1-3)            114
    • 5.7.2    Prototype and pilot-scale demonstration (TRL 4-6)              115
  • 5.7.3    Commercial-scale deployment (TRL 7-9)   115

 

6             MARKET ANALYSIS      116

  • 6.1        Market Size      116
    • 6.1.1    By technology type     116
    • 6.1.2    By application and end-use sector  117
    • 6.1.3    By region           118
    • 6.1.4    Annual installations by region (GWh)             119
    • 6.1.5    Annual installations by technology (GWh)  120
    • 6.1.6    Annual installations by market segment (GWh)      120
  • 6.2        Price and Cost Analysis          122
  • 6.3        Value Chain    122
    • 6.3.1    Raw material suppliers and logistics             123
    • 6.3.2    Component manufacturers and system integrators            123
    • 6.3.3    Project developers and engineering firms   123
    • 6.3.4    End-users and asset owners               124
    • 6.3.5    Operation and maintenance service providers        124
  • 6.4        Project case studies and deployment examples    124
    • 6.4.1    Utility-scale TES projects       125
    • 6.4.2    Industrial TES applications   125
    • 6.4.3    District heating and cooling networks           125
    • 6.4.4    Residential and commercial building projects        125

 

7             THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE PROJECTS AND INSTALLATIONS    127

  • 7.1        Cumulative capacity of TES systems by region       127
  • 7.2        Global overview of TES projects and installations 127
    • 7.2.1    Number and capacity of operational projects          128
    • 7.2.2    Planned and under-construction projects  128
  • 7.3        Regional breakdown of TES projects              131
    • 7.3.1    North America              131
    • 7.3.2    Europe                131
    • 7.3.3    Asia-Pacific    132
    • 7.3.4    Rest of the World         132
  • 7.4        TES projects by application and industry    132
    • 7.4.1    Power generation and utilities            132
    • 7.4.2    Industrial manufacturing and process heat               133
    • 7.4.3    District heating and cooling 133
    • 7.4.4    Buildings and construction   134
    • 7.4.5    Transportation and mobility 134

 

8             COMPANY PROFILES                136 (69 company profiles)

 

9             APPENDIX        215

  • 9.1        RESEARCH METHODOLOGY              215
    • 9.1.1    A note on market definitions               215
  • 9.2        REPORT SCOPE           216
    • 9.2.1    Technologies and materials in scope             216
    • 9.2.2    Applications and end-use sectors in scope               216
    • 9.2.3    Geographic and time scope 216

 

10          REFERENCES 217

 

List of Tables

  • Table 1. Market drivers and barriers in thermal energy storage.   17
  • Table 2.  Emerging trends and opportunities in thermal energy storage. 18
  • Table 3. TES technologies and applications.             19
  • Table 4. Thermal energy storage revenues, by technology (Billions USD) 2020-2035.   22
  • Table 5. TES revenues by application and end-use (USD billions).             23
  • Table 6. TES revenues by region (USD billions).       24
  • Table 7. Regional initiatives in Thermal energy storage.     24
  • Table 8. Historical development and milestones of TES technologies.    26
  • Table 9. Comparison of TES with other energy storage technologies.       27
  • Table 10. Benefits and challenges of TES deployment.      28
  • Table 11. TES applications by temperature band.  31
  • Table 12. TES summary for decarbonizing industrial heating processes 33
  • Table 13. Regional initiatives and funding programs in thermal energy storage. 38
  • Table 14.Emerging opportunities in thermal energy storage.         39
  • Table 15. Concentrated solar power and thermal energy storage plants.              40
  • Table 16. Approximate installed CSP thermal-storage energy capacity by region             41
  • Table 17. Representative planned CSP-with-storage projects.     41
  • Table 18. TES applications for decarbonizing industrial process heating.             44
  • Table 19. TES for industrial and non-CSP applications.     44
  • Table 20. Industrial TES value chain — stages, activities and value distribution.             45
  • Table 21. Strategic partnership types in industrial TES.     46
  • Table 22. TES storage media and materials — suppliers and characteristics.    46
  • Table 23. TES commercial models — equipment sale versus Heat-as-a-Service.            47
  • Table 24. Principal industrial TES players overview.             47
  • Table 25. Existing and planned non-CSP TES projects by industry / sector.          50
  • Table 26. TES project commercial-readiness timeline.      51
  • Table 27. Indicative cumulative deployed and committed TES capacity by player.          53
  • Table 28. Industrial heat demand by operation and temperature, with TES addressability.       54
  • Table 29.  Low-temperature (<100 °C) industrial processes and TES solutions. 55
  • Table 30. Medium-temperature (100–400 °C) industrial processes and TES solutions.               56
  • Table 31. High-temperature (>400 °C) industrial processes and TES solutions. 56
  • Table 32. Thermal storage roles in district heating and cooling.   59
  • Table 33. Seasonal thermal storage technologies for district energy.       61
  • Table 34. Thermal storage options in residential and commercial buildings.      62
  • Table 35. TES integration with solar thermal and heat pumps in buildings.          63
  • Table 36. Thermal long-duration energy storage approaches.       65
  • Table 37. Indicative annual TES installations by application (GWh) and annual market value (US$B), selected years.             68
  • Table 38. Chemical looping configurations and their functions.  71
  • Table 39. Outlook for chemical-looping routes in TES and hydrogen.       72
  • Table 40. Cold-storage technologies for cold chain and refrigeration.     73
  • Table 41. Cooling storage approaches by application scale.          74
  • Table 42. Thermal energy storage technologies summary.              76
  • Table 43. TES technology benchmarking for industrial applications.        76
  • Table 44. Key TES system-design considerations. 77
  • Table 45. TES design approaches for constant-parameter heat delivery.               78
  • Table 46. Sensible versus latent heat storage.         79
  • Table 47. Molten salt versus concrete as a thermal storage medium.      79
  • Table 48. Operating temperatures and time ranges for TES technologies.             80
  • Table 49. Molten-salt selection criteria and comparative properties.       83
  • Table 50. Concrete and solid materials in TES.        84
  • Table 51. High-temperature concrete and ceramic storage media.           84
  • Table 52. Natural and recycled solid storage materials.    85
  • Table 53. Heat-transfer-fluid compatibility with solid storage media.      86
  • Table 54. Phase change material families and characteristics.    88
  • Table 55. Advantages and disadvantages of parafiin wax PCMs. 89
  • Table 56. Advantages and disadvantages of non-paraffins.           92
  • Table 57. Advantages and disadvantages of Bio-based phase change materials.            93
  • Table 58. Advantages and disadvantages of salt hydrates               95
  • Table 59. Representative commercial salt-hydrate PCM products.           96
  • Table 60. Advantages and disadvantages of low melting point metals.   97
  • Table 61. PCM encapsulation scales.            98
  • Table 62. PCM encapsulation selection considerations.  98
  • Table 63. Microencapsulation process and characteristics.          99
  • Table 64. Shape-stabilized PCM characteristics.   100
  • Table 65. Comparison of PCM encapsulation methods.   100
  • Table 66. Representative eutectic PCMs.    101
  • Table 67. Advantages and disadvantages of eutectics.      102
  • Table 68. Recent development directions in eutectic PCMs.         102
  • Table 69. Classification of thermochemical energy storage.          104
  • Table 70. Closed versus open sorption storage systems. 105
  • Table 71. Thermochemical storage materials by class.     107
  • Table 72. Thermochemical materials outlook by temperature band.       107
  • Table 73. Representative thermochemical storage prototypes.   108
  • Table 74. Advantages and disadvantages of thermochemical energy storage.  109
  • Table 75. Electro-thermal charging methods compared. 110
  • Table 76. Comparative properties of TES technologies.     111
  • Table 77. Environmental and safety considerations by TES family.            113
  • Table 78. Thermal energy storage revenues, by technology (US$ billions), 2020–2036.               116
  • Table 79. Thermal energy storage revenues, by application and end-use sector (US$ billions), 2020–2036.  117
  • Table 80. Thermal energy storage revenues, by region (US$ billions), 2020–2036.          118
  • Table 81. Thermal energy storage annual installations, by region (GWh), 2020–2036.  119
  • Table 82. Thermal energy storage annual installations, by technology (GWh), 2020–2036.      120
  • Table 83. Thermal energy storage annual installations, by market segment (GWh), 2020–2036.           121
  • Table 84. TES price and cost analysis.          122
  • Table 85. Thermal energy storage value chain.        123
  • Table 86. Representative TES deployment examples by application class.          124
  • Table 87. Existing and planned TES projects by industry / sector end-user.          127
  • Table 88. Cumulative installed TES capacity by region (GWh), 2020–2036.         127
  • Table 89. Operational TES projects  128
  • Table 90. Planned and under-construction TES projects. 128
  • Table 91. TES projects in power generation and utilities.  133
  • Table 92. TES projects in industrial manufacturing and process heat.     133
  • Table 93. TES projects in district heating and cooling.        134
  • Table 94. TES projects in buildings and construction.         134
  • Table 95. TES applications in transportation and mobility.              135
  • Table 96. Technology readiness level by company 136
  •  

List of Figures

  • Figure 1. Global thermal energy storage market, 2020–2036 (USD billions).       16
  • Figure 2. Components of the energy-transition strategy and the role of thermal energy storage.          17
  • Figure 3. TES technologies by readiness and commercialization status (Technology Readiness Level).                20
  • Figure 4. Thermal energy storage innovation and deployment roadmap to 2036.            20
  • Figure 5. Thermal energy storage value chain.         21
  • Figure 6. Thermal energy storage revenues by technology, 2020–2036 (USD billions). 22
  • Figure 7. Thermal energy storage revenues by application and end-use, 2020–2036 (USD billions).  23
  • Figure 8. Thermal energy storage revenues, by region (Billions USD) 2020-2035.            24
  • Figure 9. Positioning of storage technologies by typical discharge duration and system power (illustrative).   27
  • Figure 10. Thermal energy storage working principle: charge, store and discharge.       29
  • Figure 11. Industrial process-heat demand by temperature band and TES addressability         33
  • Figure 12. Energy-capacity cost by storage technology (USD per kWh). 36
  • Figure 13. SWOT analysis: TES concentrated solar power.              43
  • Figure 14. Distribution of leading TES player headquarters by region.      48
  • Figure 15. Approximate distribution of non-CSP TES installations by region.      49
  • Figure 16. Approximate distribution of non-CSP TES installations by region.      50
  • Figure 17 . TES technologies by Commercial Readiness Level (CRL).      52
  • Figure 18. Cumulative non-CSP TES installed capacity by region, 2020–2036 (GWh, illustrative).        53
  • Figure 19. Industrial heat demand intensity by unit operation and temperature band. 54
  • Figure 20. SWOT analysis: TES for industrial process heat.             59
  • Figure 21. SWOT analysis: district heating and cooling.    61
  • Figure 22. SWOT analysis: TES for residential and commercial buildings.            64
  • Figure 23. Thermal energy storage annual installations by region, 2020–2036 (GWh). 67
  • Figure 24. Thermal energy storage annual installations by technology, 2020–2036 (GWh).      68
  • Figure 25. SWOT analysis: thermal long-duration energy storage.             69
  • Figure 26. CaL process scheme.       70
  • Figure 27. SWOT analysis: TES for cold chain and refrigeration.   75
  • Figure 28. Direct molten-salt storage system.         81
  • Figure 29. Indirect molten-salt storage system.      82
  • Figure 30. Molten-salt TES capacity installed globally (GWh).       82
  • Figure 31. Schematic of PCM in storage tank linked to solar collector.    87
  • Figure 32. UniQ line of thermal batteries.    88
  • Figure 33. Thermochemical storage methods and materials.        103
  • Figure 34. TES technologies by commercial readiness levels (CRL).        114
  • Figure 35. Thermal energy storage revenues, by technology (US$ billions), 2020–2036.             117
  • Figure 36. Thermal energy storage revenues, by application and end-use sector (US$ billions), 2020–2036.  118
  • Figure 37. Thermal energy storage revenues, by region (US$ billions), 2020–2036.        119
  • Figure 38. Thermal energy storage annual installations, by technology (GWh), 2020–2036.    120
  • Figure 39. Thermal energy storage annual installations, by market segment (GWh), 2020–2036.         121
  • Figure 40. Planned/under-construction TES pipeline by company segment (GWh).       130
  • Figure 41. Thermal energy storage installations, by region (GWh) 2020-2036.   130
  • Figure 42. Thermal energy storage installations, by technology (GWh) 2020-2036.        131
  • Figure 43. 1414’s thermal energy storage system (TESS)  140
  • Figure 44. Caldera battery system.  157

 

 

 

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  • Mid-year Update

 

The Global Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Market 2026-2036
The Global Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Market 2026-2036
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Price: £1,100.00

The Global Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Market 2026-2036
The Global Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Market 2026-2036
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