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The Global Market for Sustainable Data Centers 2027–2037: Policy, Green Power, Efficiency, Scope 3 and Forecasts

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  • Published: July 2026
  • Pages: 406
  • Tables: 62
  • Figures: 44

 

The market for sustainable data centers has moved, in the space of two years, from a voluntary corporate-responsibility concern to a hard commercial and regulatory constraint on the single fastest-growing category of electricity demand in the world. The trigger is the AI build-out: soaring rack densities, rising GPU thermal design power, and hyperscale campuses now specified in gigawatts have pushed data-center electricity consumption onto national-grid agendas and into direct conflict with decarbonization targets, water-stress limits, land-use politics and community opposition. The defining bottleneck is no longer capital or chips but power — multi-year grid-interconnection queues have made speed-to-power the industry's scarcest resource, driving a structural shift toward "bring-your-own-power" generation, behind-the-meter microgrids and on-site firm capacity.

This report frames the market around the three emissions scopes that govern data-center sustainability. Scope 2 (purchased electricity) is being addressed through PPAs, hourly-matched clean energy, and a widening portfolio of firm low-carbon generation — small modular reactors, nuclear restarts, enhanced geothermal, fuel cells, and gas paired with carbon capture. Scope 1 and on-site efficiency center on the transition from air to liquid cooling (direct-to-chip and immersion) as densities exceed air's physical limits, alongside 800 VDC power architectures, wide-bandgap (SiC/GaN) power electronics, and performance-per-watt gains in compute, memory and optical interconnect. Scope 3 — which dominates lifecycle emissions — spans carbon dioxide removal, low-carbon construction (green steel, low-carbon cement, mass timber), embodied carbon in IT hardware, and circularity.

Policy is now the market's principal accelerant. The EU's Energy Efficiency Directive reporting scheme, the Data Centre Energy Efficiency Package and its A–F rating scheme, and the Cloud and AI Development Act (which conditions capacity growth on efficiency, water and circularity) sit alongside US federal and state reporting rules, China's green-data-center action plans, Singapore's roadmap, and grid-connection reform in the UK and Ireland. Standards such as PUE, WUE, CUE and EPEAT are hardening from voluntary benchmarks into regulatory metrics.

The result is a rapidly expanding, technology-diverse market spanning power generation, storage, cooling, power electronics, efficient IT and Scope 3 abatement — forecast in detail to 2037 across power consumption, emissions, cooling revenue and 800 VDC adoption, under baseline, stringent-regulation and delayed-regulation scenarios. Sustainability has become inseparable from the economics and permitting of building AI infrastructure at all.

The Global Market for Sustainable Data Centers 2027–2037: Policy, Green Power, Efficiency, Scope 3 and Forecasts is a comprehensive, 10-chapter market study that combines policy analysis, technology assessment, quantitative forecasts to 2037, and 245 company profiles across the full sustainable-data-center value chain. 

Contents include:

  • Executive summary — headline numbers, policy landscape, highest-impact technologies, and forecast conclusions
  • Introduction & context — data-center types, AI build-out, global footprint, metrics and emissions accounting
  • Global policy & regulation — EU, US, China, APAC, UK; grid connection; standards and disclosure
  • Energy demand, grid stress & business case — IEA scenarios, interconnection queues, water, carbon intensity
  • Sustainable power generation — PPAs, BYOP, solar/wind, nuclear/SMRs, geothermal, CCUS, fuel cells, storage/LDES
  • Energy efficiency — cooling (air/direct-to-chip/immersion), 800 VDC and SiC/GaN power, efficient compute/memory/optics
  • Scope 3 decarbonization — CO₂ removal, green steel/cement, embodied carbon and circularity
  • Market forecasts to 2037 — power, emissions, cooling, 800 VDC, policy-scenario sensitivities
  • 244 company profiles 1414 Degrees, 3M, Aalo Atomics, AcBel Polytech, Accelsius, ACCURE Battery Intelligence, Airco Process Technology, Algoma Steel, AlphaESS, Ambri, AMD, Amkor Technology, Ampace, Antora Energy, Aperam BioEnergia, ArcelorMittal, Ardent, ASE Group, Asetek, Asia Vital Components (AVC), Asperitas, Atecom Technology, Auras Technology, Ayar Labs, Baker Hughes, Ballard Power Systems, Biomason, Blastr Green Steel, Bloom Energy, Boston Metal, Boyd Corporation, Brenmiller Energy, Bright Renewables, Broadcom, BYD Energy Storage, C-Capture, Caldera, Calibrant Energy, Cambridge Electric Cement, Capsol Technologies, Carbice, CarbiCrete, Carbonaide, CarbonCure, CarbonFree, CATL, CellCube, Cerebras, Ceres Power, Chart Industries, Chemours, China Baowu, Chiyoda, Cisco Systems, Climeworks, Coherent, Coolbrook, Cooler Master, CoolIT Systems, Corintis, Dalian Rongke Power, Deep Fission, Delta Electronics, Dow, Eaton Corporation, EFFECT Photonics, Electra (Electra Steel), ElectraMet, Electrified Thermal Solutions, Element Six, Emirates Steel Arkan, Energy Dome, Energy Vault, EnergyNest, Engineered Fluids, Eoptolink, Eos Energy Enterprises, EPC (Efficient Power Conversion), ESS Tech, EVE Energy, Exowatt, Fabrinet and more.....

 

 

1             EXECUTIVE SUMMARY            23

  • 1.1        Scope and definitions              23
  • 1.2        Why data center sustainability is now a policy issue (AI build-out, grid stress, water, land)      23
  • 1.3        Data center energy demand and CO₂ emissions: the headline numbers               23
  • 1.4        The biggest contributors to the data center carbon footprint (Scope 1/2/3 split)              25
  • 1.5        The global policy landscape at a glance: from voluntary targets to binding mandates 26
  • 1.6        Regional policy heat-map: EU, US (federal + state), China, Singapore, Japan, UK, Ireland         28
  • 1.7        Grid-connection policy as the new bottleneck        28
  • 1.8        Standards, certification and reporting (PUE, WUE, CUE, EPEAT, EU energy labels)        29
  • 1.9        Which sustainable technologies have the biggest impact               29
  • 1.10     Market forecast, 2025–2037 30
  • 1.11     Key conclusions and outlook              31

 

2             INTRODUCTION: THE DATA CENTER MARKET AND SUSTAINABILTY CONTEXT 32

  • 2.1        What is a data center? Edge, colocation, enterprise, hyperscale                32
  • 2.2        The AI-driven build-out: rack density, GPU TDP and power demand         32
  • 2.3        Global data center footprint — leading markets (US, Germany, UK, Ireland, Nordics, China, Singapore, Japan)       33
  • 2.4        Data center sustainability metrics explained (PUE, WUE, CUE, ERF, REF, carbon intensity, SCI)                35
  • 2.5        Emissions accounting: Scope 1, Scope 2 (market- vs location-based), Scope 3              35
  • 2.6        Hyperscaler and colocator emissions and net-zero targets            36
  • 2.7        Water, land, grid and community impacts driving public scrutiny               37
  • 2.8        Motivations behind sustainability action: regulation, cost, reputation, grid access       37

 

3             THE GLOBAL POLICY AND REGULATORY LANDSCAPE FOR SUSTAINABLE DATA CENTERS     38

  • 3.1        Overview: from voluntary pledges to binding regulation    38
  • 3.2        A taxonomy of policy instruments (efficiency mandates, reporting/disclosure, energy labels, grid-connection rules, siting/moratoria, tax incentives, water rules, procurement/certification)      39
  • 3.3        European Union           40
    • 3.3.1    Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) reporting scheme and the European database/dashboard 40
    • 3.3.2    Data Center Energy Efficiency Package and the EU rating scheme            40
    • 3.3.3    Minimum Performance Standards for data centers              41
    • 3.3.4    Cloud and AI Development Act — capacity tripling conditioned on energy/water efficiency and circularity         41
    • 3.3.5    EU Taxonomy and the Code of Conduct for Data Center Energy Efficiency           41
    • 3.3.6    Germany, France, Ireland      42
    • 3.3.7    Nordics and district-heating integration      42
  • 3.4        United States 42
    • 3.4.1    Federal legislative activity (data center energy/reporting bills; EIA data collection)        42
    • 3.4.2    State-level reporting and disclosure legislation (annotated survey)          42
    • 3.4.3    From moratoria to regulation: the local-permitting pivot  43
    • 3.4.4    State tax incentives and their sustainability conditions (Arizona, Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, Virginia, Washington)               44
    • 3.4.5    Grid interconnection and "bring-your-own-power" responses      44
  • 3.5        China  44
    • 3.5.1    National "Green Data Center" Action Plan 44
    • 3.5.2    Special Action Plan for Green & Low-Carbon Development of Data Centers (PUE targets, renewable share)        45
    • 3.5.3    "East Data, West Compute" and the China cost/efficiency advantage   45
  • 3.6        Asia-Pacific    45
    • 3.6.1    Singapore — Green Data Center Roadmap / DC-CFA mandate   45
    • 3.6.2    Japan — emerging data center regulation   46
    • 3.6.3    Other APAC markets (Malaysia, India, Australia)   46
  • 3.7        United Kingdom           46
    • 3.7.1    Ofgem grid-connection reform and the connections queue           46
    • 3.7.2    Critical National Infrastructure designation and planning               47
  • 3.8        Grid-connection policy as a cross-cutting theme  47
  • 3.9        Standards, certification and disclosure frameworks           48
    • 3.9.1    PUE/WUE/CUE as regulatory metrics            48
    • 3.9.2    EPEAT and the draft circularity criteria for enterprise data storage            48
    • 3.9.3    GHG Protocol updates: location-based and hourly matching       48
    • 3.9.4    ISO / CEN-CENELEC and industry codes of conduct          49
  • 3.10     Policy gap analysis and outlook: where regulation is heading 2026–2030            49

 

4             DATA CENTER ENERGY DEMAND, GRID STRESS AND SUSTAINABILITY BUSINESS CASE           51

  • 4.1        Global and regional electricity demand outlook (IEA "Energy and AI" scenarios)             51
  • 4.2        The power gap: interconnection queues and supply constraints 52
  • 4.3        Carbon intensity of grid power by geography            53
  • 4.4        Water use and water-stress exposure            54
  • 4.5        The cost, reputation and grid-access case for going green              55
  • 4.6        "Reality check": fossil fuels still dominate near-term power           56

 

5             SUSTAINABLE POWER GENERATION FOR DATA CENTERS             57

  • 5.1        Decarbonizing Scope 2: RECs, PPAs, clean transition tariffs, hourly matching  57
  • 5.2        "Bring your own power": hyperscalers as generators; microgrids and behind-the-meter             58
    • 5.2.1    Microgrid architectures and controllers       58
    • 5.2.2    Balancing engines and gensets (transition fuels, HVO, hydrogen-ready)               59
  • 5.3        Solar, wind and hydropower 60
    • 5.3.1    Utility-scale solar, wind and hydropower: LCOE, intermittency and land footprint         60
    • 5.3.2    Matching intermittent supply to flexible AI load      60
    • 5.3.3    Frontier siting concepts: offshore, subsea and orbital data centers          62
  • 5.4        Nuclear: conventional, SMRs and fusion    64
    • 5.4.1    Why SMRs for data centers; Gen III+ vs Gen IV designs     66
    • 5.4.2    Hyperscaler–developer partnerships and first deployments          66
    • 5.4.3    Restart/uprate of existing nuclear plants    68
    • 5.4.4    Fusion energy: hyperscaler offtake and the honest timeline          69
  • 5.5        Geothermal and enhanced geothermal systems (EGS)     71
  • 5.6        Carbon capture (CCUS) on gas power for data centers      72
    • 5.6.1    Post-combustion capture on gas turbines: technology and maturity       72
    • 5.6.2    The energy penalty: parasitic load and delivered megawatts         73
    • 5.6.3    Economics, siting and bankability of gas-plus-capture     75
  • 5.7        Hydrogen fuel cells (PEMFC / SOFC)              76
    • 5.7.1    PEMFC and SOFC: technology, efficiency and duty-cycle fit          76
    • 5.7.2    Fuel supply as the binding constraint            78
    • 5.7.3    Deployment reality check: constraints on fuel cell scaling             79
  • 5.8        Batteries, BESS, thermal energy storage and long-duration storage (LDES)         80
    • 5.8.1    UPS and grid-interactive UPS              81
    • 5.8.2    Li-ion (LFP/NMC) for backup and primary power    81
    • 5.8.3    Redox flow and alternative chemistries (sodium-ion, zinc, sodium-sulfur, liquid-metal)            82
    • 5.8.4    Thermal energy storage and LDES for data centers               82
    • 5.8.5    CO₂ and compressed-gas storage: emerging non-electrochemical LDES             83
  • 5.9        Benchmarking: environmental, technical and economic comparison of power sources            85

 

6             ENERGY EFFICIENCY FOR DATA CENTERS 87

  • 6.1        Beyond PUE: thermal, electrical and IT efficiency 87
  • 6.2        Thermal management and cooling  87
    • 6.2.1    Air vs. direct-to-chip vs. immersion liquid cooling 87
    • 6.2.2    Thermal interface materials, cold plates, vapor chambers             90
    • 6.2.3    Immersion fluids and refrigerant GWP          91
    • 6.2.4    Waste-heat reuse and district heating          91
    • 6.2.5    Thermoelectric and solid-state cooling        92
    • 6.2.6    Comparative lifecycle emissions and cost by cooling method     93
  • 6.3        Power efficiency (power supply, 800 VDC, distribution)    95
    • 6.3.1    PSUs, 80 PLUS and efficiency programs     95
    • 6.3.2    SiC and GaN power electronics         96
    • 6.3.3    800 VDC architecture and rack power delivery        96
    • 6.3.4    High-temperature superconductors (HTS) for power distribution               97
    • 6.3.5    Power factor correction and harmonic management         97
  • 6.4        IT efficiency (AI chips, memory, storage, interconnect)      98
    • 6.4.1    AI chip performance-per-watt             99
    • 6.4.2    HBM/DRAM and SSD/QLC NAND energy efficiency             101
    • 6.4.3    Co-packaged optics and silicon photonics for interconnect efficiency   101
    • 6.4.4    Hardware reuse and refresh cycles 102
  • 6.5        Efficiency mandates linkage (EU rating scheme, 80 PLUS, national programs) 102

 

7             SCOPE 3 DECARBONIZATION FOR DATA CENTERS             103

  • 7.1        Why Scope 3 dominates data center emissions    103
  • 7.2        Carbon credits and CO₂ removal      104
    • 7.2.1    Removal vs. avoidance; durable vs. nature-based                104
    • 7.2.2    DAC, BECCS, biochar and enhanced weathering   104
    • 7.2.3    Hyperscaler CDR portfolios and pre-purchases     104
    • 7.2.4    Carbon credit market mechanics: purchasing routes, pricing and quality            105
    • 7.2.5    From voluntary to compliance: the convergence of carbon removal with regulation     107
  • 7.3        Low-carbon construction      109
    • 7.3.1    Green concrete and cement decarbonization         109
    • 7.3.2    Green steel      109
    • 7.3.3    Mass timber and environmental attribute certificates        109
    • 7.3.4    Construction cost and the green premium 110
  • 7.4        Embodied carbon in IT hardware (servers, GPU baseboards) and circularity/reuse        112
    • 7.4.1    Where embodied carbon sits: the componentry-level split of a server    114
    • 7.4.2    The GPU baseboard and accelerator embodied footprint                114
    • 7.4.3    Refresh cycles, reuse and secondary markets        116
  • 7.5        Procurement policy and EPEAT circularity criteria linkage               117

 

8             MARKET FORECASTS, 2025-2037    118

  • 8.1        Forecast methodology and assumptions   118
  • 8.2        Data center power and electricity consumption forecast 118
  • 8.3        Data center CO₂ emissions forecast (Scope 2 and Scope 3)          119
  • 8.4        GPU TDP trend forecast          120
  • 8.5        Cooling market forecast by method (revenue)         121
  • 8.6        800 VDC / HVDC power forecast      122
  • 8.7        Adjacent green-technology forecasts            123
  • 8.8        Policy-scenario sensitivities (baseline / stringent-regulation / delayed-regulation)         124

 

9             COMPANY PROFILES                126

  • 9.1        Data center operators — hyperscalers & AI clouds              126 (9 company profiles)
  • 9.2        Colocation providers 135 (9 company profiles)
  • 9.3        Sustainable power generation & storage     144
    • 9.3.1    Nuclear / SMR               144 (14 company profiles)
    • 9.3.2    Geothermal / EGS       158 (2 company profiles)
    • 9.3.3    Fuel cells          160 (7 company profiles)
    • 9.3.4    Solar inverters & balancing power    167 (2 company profiles)
    • 9.3.5    Batteries, UPS & BESS (Li-ion)            169 (16 company profiles)
    • 9.3.6    Flow, sodium, zinc & alternative chemistries            185 (12 company profiles)
    • 9.3.7    Thermal & long-duration energy storage (LDES)     197 (19 company profiles)
    • 9.3.8    Storage enabling technology (BMS / analytics / deployers)             216 (4 company profiles)
    • 9.3.9    Carbon capture on power (gas CCS)              220 (5 company profiles)
  • 9.4        Energy efficiency — cooling & thermal management          225
    • 9.4.1    Cooling systems (direct-to-chip / immersion / rack)           225 (13 company profiles)
    • 9.4.2    Thermal interface materials & components              238 (17 company profiles)
    • 9.4.3    Immersion fluids & refrigerants         255 (4 company profiles)
    • 9.4.4    Airflow, fans & active-cooling components               259 (5 company profiles)
  • 9.5        Energy efficiency — power electronics, PSUs & power distribution           264
    • 9.5.1    Wide-bandgap devices (SiC / GaN) 264 (16 company profiles)
    • 9.5.2    Power supplies & DC power delivery (PSU / 800 VDC)        280 (2 company profiles)
    • 9.5.3    High-temperature superconductors (power distribution) 282 (1 company profiles)
  • 9.6        Energy efficiency — IT: compute, memory & optical            283
    • 9.6.1    AI accelerators (performance-per-watt focus)        283 (10 company profiles)
    • 9.6.2    Memory (HBM / DRAM / NAND)         293 (5 company profiles)
    • 9.6.3    Co-packaged optics / silicon photonics (interconnect efficiency)              298 (23 company profiles)
  • 9.7        Semiconductor-manufacturing sustainability (embodied carbon)            321 (3 company profiles)
  • 9.8        Scope 3 — carbon removal / CCUS 324
    • 9.8.1    Direct air capture (DAC)         324 (5 company profiles)
    • 9.8.2    Point-source capture & utilization    329 (4 company profiles)
  • 9.9        Scope 3 — low-carbon construction & materials  333
    • 9.9.1    Green steel      333 (32 company profiles)
    • 9.9.2    Low-carbon cement / concrete          365 (24 company profiles)
  • 9.10     Scope 3 — circularity & IT hardware reuse 389 (2 company profiles)

 

10          APPENDICES  391

  • 10.1     Glossary and acronyms          391
  • 10.2     Methodology and data sources (base year 2025; forecast to 2037)          393
    • 10.2.1 Research approach   393
    • 10.2.2 Scope, definitions and system boundary    393
    • 10.2.3 Base year, forecast horizon and conventions           393
    • 10.2.4 Construction of the power and electricity forecast              394
    • 10.2.5 Construction of the emissions forecast       394
    • 10.2.6 Scenario framework  395
    • 10.2.7 Adjacent-technology forecasts and attribution       396
    • 10.2.8 Data sources  396

 

11          REFERENCES 398

 

List of Tables

  • Table 1. Summary of major data center sustainability regulations by region, 2023–2026          26
  • Table 2. Sustainability metrics at a glance (PUE, WUE, CUE, ERF, REF, SCI)        29
  • Table 3. Forecast summary: power, electricity, CO₂, cooling, 800 VDC, SMRs, CDR, green steel          30
  • Table 4. Data center types compared (edge / colocation / enterprise / hyperscale)        32
  • Table 5. Country/region ranking by installed data center capacity             34
  • Table 6. Definitions of key sustainability metrics   35
  • Table 7. Leading hyperscalers/colocators: capacity, emissions and net-zero targets    37
  • Table 8. Taxonomy of data center policy instruments with examples       40
  • Table 9. EU EED reporting scheme — summary of requirements 41
  • Table 10. EU rating scheme — structure of the A–F label  41
  • Table 11. US state data center reporting/disclosure legislation — principal archetypes              43
  • Table 12. US state data center reporting/disclosure legislation (annotated)        44
  • Table 13. China data center PUE and renewable-energy targets by phase            45
  • Table 14. APAC data center mandates (Singapore, Japan) compared      46
  • Table 15. Grid-connection policy comparison (Ireland CRU, UK Ofgem, US ISOs)          48
  • Table 16. Certification and disclosure schemes (EPEAT, EU rating scheme, GHG Protocol)      49
  • Table 17. Data center electricity demand scenarios by region, 2025–2037         51
  • Table 18. Grid carbon intensity by major data center market         53
  • Table 19. Temporal flexibility of AI and data center workload classes      61
  • Table 20. Frontier data center siting concepts: status, advantage and binding constraint         63
  • Table 21. SMR and advanced-nuclear developers relevant to data centers          65
  • Table 22. SMR and advanced-nuclear developers relevant to data centers          67
  • Table 23. SMR and advanced-nuclear developers relevant to data centers (section 5.4.2)       69
  • Table 24. Announced fusion offtake agreements with technology and industrial buyers             70
  • Table 25. Capital raised by leading fusion developers         70
  • Table 26. Point-source capture technologies for gas-fired data center power    73
  • Table 27. Announced gas-with-capture projects serving data center load           73
  • Table 28. Energy penalty for a nominal 1 GW NGCC plant with 90% post-combustion capture             74
  • Table 29. Necessary conditions for a bankable gas-plus-capture project serving data center load     76
  • Table 30. PEMFC and SOFC benchmarked for data center duty   77
  • Table 31. Major fuel cell agreements for data center power, 2025–26     77
  • Table 32. Carbon intensity of on-site generation options for data centers             78
  • Table 33. Storage technology benchmarking for data center applications            81
  • Table 34. Battery / BESS / TES technology benchmarking for data center applications 82
  • Table 35. Long-duration energy storage technologies benchmarked for data center application          84
  • Table 36. Energy Dome CO₂ battery deployments relevant to data center power             84
  • Table 37. Benchmarking of electricity sources for data centers (LCOE, carbon intensity, availability, TRL)                86
  • Table 38. Cooling technology comparison 89
  • Table 39. Cooling technology comparison (air, D2C single/two-phase, immersion)       91
  • Table 40. GHG emissions and efficiency by cooling method          92
  • Table 41. Thermoelectric cooling in data center applications       93
  • Table 42. Comparative assessment of data center cooling methods       94
  • Table 43. AC vs. 800 VDC architecture efficiency comparison     97
  • Table 44. Power quality parameters and their consequences in data center electrical systems            98
  • Table 45. AI compute efficiency benchmarking      100
  • Table 46. Carbon dioxide removal methods: scale, cost and TRL               104
  • Table 47. Carbon credit categories, pricing and characteristics  106
  • Table 48. Carbon credit purchasing routes 106
  • Table 49. Regulatory instruments reshaping carbon credit procurement               108
  • Table 50. Cement/steel decarbonization technologies and green premiums     109
  • Table 51. Data center construction cost benchmarks, 2026          111
  • Table 52. Green premium by material and its effect on total project cost              111
  • Table 53. Embodied carbon by server component 113
  • Table 54. Embodied carbon by server component 113
  • Table 55. Indicative embodied carbon split for a conventional 2U rack server   114
  • Table 56. Embodied carbon drivers: conventional server versus AI accelerator baseboard      115
  • Table 57. IT hardware circularity hierarchy for data centers            117
  • Table 58. Data center power (GW) and electricity (TWh) forecast, 2025–2037  118
  • Table 59. Data center CO₂ forecast by scope, 2025–2037               119
  • Table 60. Cooling market revenue forecast by method, 2025–2037          121
  • Table 61. SMR / durable-CDR / green-steel / data-center BESS forecasts, 2025–2037 123
  • Table 62. Glossary and acronyms    391

 

List of Figures

  • Figure 1. Global data center electricity consumption by workload type, 2025–2037     24
  • Figure 2. Data center CO₂ emissions by scope, 2025 / 2031 / 2037 (Mt CO₂/yr) 25
  • Figure 3. Representative Scope 1/2/3 breakdown for a hyperscale data center 26
  • Figure 4. Global policy timeline: key data center sustainability measures, 2020–2026 27
  • Figure 5. Regional regulatory-stringency heat-map              28
  • Figure 6. Impact vs. readiness matrix for sustainable data center technologies               30
  • Figure 7. Rack power density and GPU TDP trend, historical + forecast  33
  • Figure 8. Leading data center markets by installed capacity          34
  • Figure 9. Scope 2 (market- vs location-based) and Scope 3 emissions of leading hyperscalers             36
  • Figure 10. Global policy-instrument map by country/region           39
  • Figure 11. US data center regulatory activity by measure type      43
  • Figure 12. Typical grid-interconnection wait for large loads, by market   47
  • Figure 13. Regulatory-stringency vs. data center growth by market           50
  • Figure 14. Data centers' share of national electricity demand, 2025 vs 2030 (selected markets)          52
  • Figure 15. Projected data center power demand versus firm connectable supply, United States, 2025–2032    53
  • Figure 16. Water usage effectiveness (WUE) benchmarks by cooling approach               55
  • Figure 17. Clean-power procurement models compared 57
  • Figure 18. Microgrid architecture for a behind-the-meter data center      59
  • Figure 19. Data center load flexibility spectrum      61
  • Figure 20. Solar resource: orbit versus ground        64
  • Figure 21.  SMR capacity serving data centers, base case and range, 2026–2037           66
  • Figure 22. SMR capacity serving data centers, base case and range, 2026–2037 (Source: IDTechEx forecast)           68
  • Figure 23. Fusion and SMR: announced first-power dates versus realistic delivery windows   71
  • Figure 24. Where the megawatts go: gross-to-delivered output with carbon capture    75
  • Figure 25. Fuel cell capacity: contracted versus deliverable, 2025–2030              80
  • Figure 26. Benchmarking of electricity sources for data centers: carbon intensity vs. cost, scaled by firmness            85
  • Figure 27. Evolution of cooling technology in new data center deployments, 2020–2037          88
  • Figure 28. Practical rack power density supported by each cooling method       89
  • Figure 29. Data center cooling value chain 90
  • Figure 30. Cooling lifecycle emissions and cost     95
  • Figure 31. Semiconductor material share in data center power supplies, 2020–2037  96
  • Figure 32. Relative performance-per-watt of AI compute options               99
  • Figure 33. Relative performance-per-watt of AI compute options               100
  • Figure 34. Scope 3 emissions breakdown for a representative data center           103
  • Figure 35. Hyperscaler durable-CDR purchase volumes  105
  • Figure 36. Carbon Credit Price Stack             107
  • Figure 37. Green premium by material          112
  • Figure 38. Embodied Carbon Server vs AI baseboard         116
  • Figure 39. Global data center power forecast (GW), 2025–2037 119
  • Figure 40. Data center CO₂ forecast under three policy scenarios, 2025–2037 120
  • Figure 41. GPU TDP trend: historical + forecast, 2025–2037          121
  • Figure 42. Data center cooling market revenue by method, 2025–2037 122
  • Figure 43. 800 VDC adoption forecast, 2025–2037              123
  • Figure 44. Adjacent green-technology forecasts attributable to data centers, 2025–2037        124

 

 

 

 

The Global Market for Sustainable Data Centers 2027–2037
The Global Market for Sustainable Data Centers 2027–2037
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The Global Market for Sustainable Data Centers 2027–2037
The Global Market for Sustainable Data Centers 2027–2037
PDF and Print Edition (including tracked delivery).
Price: £1,200.00

 

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