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The Global Market for Primary Microplastics and Biobased & Natural Alternative Materials

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Published August 2022 | 112 pages, 14 figures, 35 tables | Download table of contents

Microplastics can be separated into primary and secondary microplastics. Primary microplastics are mostly thermoset and thermoplast plastic materials that have been added to products to fulfil a certain function. For example, these synthetic non-degradable polymers are used in personal care and cosmetics for exfoliation, film formation, sorbents for delivering active ingredients, skin conditioning etc.. While some of these microbeads are clearly visible, others are in the micro- or nanometre range.

Personal care and cosmetic products since the 1990s have been increasingly formulated to include microbeads to improve their abrasive and other qualities. Many companies have curtailed their use or pivoted to natural alternatives, but it still represents a sizeable global market.

Secondary microplastics are formed by the fragmentation of macroplastics (>5 mm) by processes such as weathering of plastic litter and paint layers, as well as wear of car tyres and are the main focus of environmental concerns. However, primary microplastics also raise issues and are a target for regulation. Therefore the developments of biobased and natural alternatives has grown in recent years.

This report covers primary microplastics based on petroleum-based polymers in the following markets:

  • Personal care.
  • Cosmetics.
  • Agriculture and horticulture.
  • Paints and coatings.
  • Oil and gas.
  • Medical and pharma.
  • Industrial abrasives.

 

Also analysed are types of commercially available biodegradable plastics and natural materials used as primary microplastic alternatives including:

  • natural hard materials
  • starch based materials
  • bacteria based materials (e.g. PHA)
  • soy based materials
  • cellulose based materials
  • lignin based materials
  • natural fibers (e.g. bamboo, jute, sisal, etc.)

 

Data presented includes:

  • Markets and applications for primary microplastics including global production in tonnes 2017-2027, applications, types of microplastics added.
  • Markets and applications for biobased and natural microplastics alternative materials including types, applications, global production and suppliers.
  • Profiles of 35 producers. Companies profiled include Andritz Oy, Asahi Kasei, Calyxia, Daicel, Daito Kasei Kogyo Co., JNC, Naturbeads, Rengo, and Yield10 Bioscience, Inc.

 

1              REPORT METHODOLOGY              11

  • 1.1          Aims and objectives of this study              11
  • 1.2          Market definition             11

 

2              PRIMARY MICROPLASTICS           13

  • 2.1          Classification of microplastics      13
    • 2.1.1      Primary and secondary microplastics       13
    • 2.1.2      Microbeads        14
  • 2.2          Functions and applications of microplastics           15
  • 2.3          Global microplastic regulations  17

 

3              THE MARKET FOR PRIMARY MICROPLASTICS       20

  • 3.1          Global market for primary microplastics 2017-2027, by sector (tonnes)   20
  • 3.2          Global market for primary microplastics 2017-2027, by region (tonnes)   21
  • 3.3          Personal care     22
    • 3.3.1      Products and types of primary microplastics         22
    • 3.3.2      Global market for primary microplastics in personal care, 2017-2027 (tonnes)      23
  • 3.4          Cosmetics           24
    • 3.4.1      Products and types of primary microplastics         25
    • 3.4.2      Global market for primary microplastics in cosmetics, 2017-2027 (tonnes)             25
  • 3.5          Agriculture and horticulture        26
    • 3.5.1      Products and types of primary microplastics         28
    • 3.5.2      Global market for primary microplastics in agriculture and horticulture, 2017-2027 (tonnes)         28
  • 3.6          Paints & coatings              29
    • 3.6.1      Products and types of primary microplastics         29
    • 3.6.2      Global market for primary microplastics in paints & coatings, 2017-2027 (tonnes)              31
  • 3.7          Soap, detergents and maintenance products       32
    • 3.7.1      Products and types of primary microplastics         32
    • 3.7.2      Global market for primary microplastics in Soaps, detergents and maintenance products, 2017-2027 (tonnes)                33
  • 3.8          Oil and gas          34
    • 3.8.1      Products and types of primary microplastics         34
    • 3.8.2      Global market for primary microplastics in oil and gas, 2017-2027 (tonnes)           35
  • 3.9          Medical and pharma       35
    • 3.9.1      Products and types of primary microplastics         36
    • 3.9.2      Global market for primary microplastics in medical, 2017-2027 (tonnes) 37
  • 3.10        Industrial abrasives         39
    • 3.10.1    Products and types of primary microplastics         39
    • 3.10.2    Global market for primary microplastics in industrial abrasives, 2017-2027 (tonnes)          40

 

4              PRIMARY MICROPLASTIC ALTERNATIVE MATERIALS          41

  • 4.1          Use of natural and biobased beads/spheres as an alternative to microplastics       41
  • 4.2          Market penetration of natural microplastic alternatives  44
  • 4.3          Natural hard materials   45
    • 4.3.1      Types    45
    • 4.3.2      Commercialization           46
  • 4.4          Natural polymers             47
    • 4.4.1      Polysaccharides 47
      • 4.4.1.1   Starch   47
        • 4.4.1.1.1               Applications       48
        • 4.4.1.1.2               Companies         48
      • 4.4.1.2   Cellulose              50
        • 4.4.1.2.1               Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) 50
          • 4.4.1.2.1.1           Applications       50
          • 4.4.1.2.1.2           Companies         51
      • 4.4.1.2.2               Regenerated cellulose microspheres       51
        • 4.4.1.2.2.1           Applications       52
        • 4.4.1.2.2.2           Companies         53
      • 4.4.1.2.3               Cellulose nanocrystals    53
        • 4.4.1.2.3.1           Applications       54
        • 4.4.1.2.3.2           Companies         55
      • 4.4.1.2.4               Bacterial nanocellulose 56
        • 4.4.1.2.4.1           Applications       56
        • 4.4.1.2.4.2           Companies         58
      • 4.4.1.3   Chitin    59
        • 4.4.1.3.1               Description         59
        • 4.4.1.3.2               Applications       59
        • 4.4.1.3.3               Companies         59
    • 4.4.2      Proteins               60
      • 4.4.2.1   Collagen/Gelatin              60
        • 4.4.2.1.1               Applications       60
      • 4.4.2.2   Casein   60
    • 4.4.3      Polyesters           61
      • 4.4.3.1   Polyhydroxyalkanoates 61
        • 4.4.3.1.1               Applications       63
        • 4.4.3.1.2               PHA microspheres           63
        • 4.4.3.1.3               Companies         63
      • 4.4.3.2   Polylactic acid    65
        • 4.4.3.2.1               Applications       65
        • 4.4.3.2.2               Companies         65
    • 4.4.4      Other natural polymers 66
      • 4.4.4.1   Lignin    66
        • 4.4.4.1.1               Description         66
        • 4.4.4.1.2               Applications       68
        • 4.4.4.1.3               Companies         69
  • 4.5          Global market size           72
    • 4.5.1      Global market 2017-2027, for natural and biobased microbeads/spheres (volume in tonnes)         72

 

5              PRODUCER PROFILES      74

 

6              REFERENCES       110

 

List of Tables

  • Table 1. Applications and markets for primary microplastics.         14
  • Table 2. Summary of functions and applications of primary microplastics.               15
  • Table 3. Global market for primary microplastics 2017-2027, by sector (tonnes). 16
  • Table 4. Global market for primary microplastics 2017-2027, by region (tonnes). 17
  • Table 5. Personal care products containing primary microplastics.              18
  • Table 6. Global market for primary microplastics in personal care 2017-2027, (tonnes).   19
  • Table 7. Global market for primary microplastics in personal care, 2017-2027 (tonnes).   22
  • Table 8. Agriculture and horticulture products containing primary microplastics.  24
  • Table 9. Global market for primary microplastics in Agriculture and horticulture, 2017-2027 (tonnes).       24
  • Table 10. Paints and coatings products containing primary microplastics. 27
  • Table 11. Global market for primary microplastics in paints & coatings, 2017-2027 (tonnes).          27
  • Table 12. Soaps, detergents and maintenance products containing primary microplastics.               29
  • Table 13. Global market for primary microplastics in Soaps, detergents and maintenance products, 2017-2027 (tonnes).             30
  • Table 14. Global market for primary microplastics in oil and gas, 2017-2027 (tonnes).       31
  • Table 15. Example microsphere products in drug delivery.             32
  • Table 16. Medical products containing microplastics.        33
  • Table 17. Global market for primary microplastics in medical, 2017-2027 (tonnes).            34
  • Table 18. Global market for primary microplastics in industrial abrasives, 2017-2027 (tonnes).      36
  • Table 19. Biodegradable polymers.          40
  • Table 20. Market penetration of natural microplastic alternatives.             40
  • Table 21.Companies developing starch microspheres/microbeads.            44
  • Table 22. Companies developing regenerated microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) spheres/beads.    47
  • Table 23. Companies developing TonnTo.             49
  • Table 24. Companies developing cellulose nanocrystal microbeads.           52
  • Table 25. Companies developing bacterial nanocellulose microbeads.      55
  • Table 26.Companies developing chitin microspheres/microbeads.             56
  • Table 27.Types of PHAs and properties. 59
  • Table 28. Companies developing PHA for microbeads.     60
  • Table 29. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) producers.           60
  • Table 30. PLA producers and production capacities.          62
  • Table 31. Technical lignin types and applications.               63
  • Table 32. Properties of lignins and their applications.       65
  • Table 33. Production capacities of technical lignin producers.       67
  • Table 34. Production capacities of biorefinery lignin producers.   67
  • Table 35. Companies developing lignin for microbeads (current or potential applications).              67

 

List of Figures

  • Figure 1. Global market for primary microplastics 2017-2027, by sector (tonnes). 20
  • Figure 2. Global market for primary microplastics 2017-2027, by sector (tonnes). 21
  • Figure 3. Global market for primary microplastics in personal care 2017-2027, (tonnes).  24
  • Figure 4. Global market for primary microplastics in personal care 2017-2027, (tonnes).  26
  • Figure 5. Global market for primary microplastics in Agriculture and horticulture, 2017-2027 (tonnes).     28
  • Figure 6. Global market for primary microplastics in paints & coatings, 2017-2027 (tonnes).           31
  • Figure 7. Global market for primary microplastics in Soaps, detergents and maintenance products, 2017-2027 (tonnes).             34
  • Figure 8. Global market for primary microplastics in oil and gas, 2017-2027 (tonnes).        35
  • Figure 9. Global market for primary microplastics in medical, 2017-2027 (tonnes).             38
  • Figure 10. Global market for primary microplastics in industrial abrasives, 2017-2027 (tonnes).    40
  • Figure 11. Bacterial nanocellulose shapes.            57
  • Figure 12. Global market 2017-2027, for natural and biobased microbeads/spheres (volume in tonnes).  72
  • Figure 13. CELPHERE™.  79
  • Figure 14. VIVAPUR® MCC Spheres.         97

 

 

 

The Global Market for Primary Microplastics and Biobased & Natural Alternative Materials
The Global Market for Primary Microplastics and Biobased & Natural Alternative Materials
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